红罗非鱼亲鱼组织脂肪酸组成分析

采用气相色谱技术分析红罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)亲鱼不同组织的脂肪酸组成及含量,以期为优化红罗非鱼亲鱼的饲料和饲养方式,提高精子、卵子产量和质量提供理论依据。结果显示,红罗非鱼亲鱼各组织中含量较高脂肪酸有C16:0、C16:1n-7、C18:0、C18:1n-9和亚油酸(C18:2n-6),占总脂肪酸的70%以上(精巢除外),雌鱼肌肉组织中含较高的C22:4n-6,肝胰脏组织中含较高的C22:4n-6和花生四烯酸(C20:4n-6),卵巢组织中含较高的C22:5n-3。此外还含有少量的亚麻酸(C18:3n-3)和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸。雌鱼各个组织的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)种类组成基本相同,而雄鱼性腺中SFA和MUFA含量与其他组织差异显著(P<0.05);雌鱼性腺的脂肪酸种类比雄鱼多6种;雌雄鱼腹脂和雄鱼肝胰脏中主要的多不饱和脂肪酸(PU-FA)均为C18:2n-6,雌鱼肌肉和肝胰脏中主要的PUFA为C18:2n-6、C20:4n-6和C22:4n-6,雄鱼肌肉中主要的PUFA为C18:2n-6和ARA,雌鱼卵巢中主要的PUFA为C18:2n-6、C20:3n-6、ARA、C22:5n-3和C22:6n-3(DHA),雄鱼精巢中主要的PUFA为C18:3n-6和C18:3n-3。红罗非鱼雌雄亲鱼腹脂、肝胰脏及肌肉的脂肪酸含量均为:MUFA>SFA>PUFA,卵巢为:MUFA>PUFA>SFA;雌雄亲鱼各组织PUFA含量均为性腺最高,腹脂最低;亚油酸在红罗非鱼各组织中含量显著高于亚麻酸(精巢除外)(P<0.05);EPA仅在雌亲鱼腹脂中检测到;DHA仅在红罗非鱼性腺中有一定含量;红罗非鱼四种组织n-3/n-6均小于1(精巢除外)。

Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition in Red Tilapia Parent Fish

In order to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing feeding preparation and method,improving the quality and quantity of sperm and egg,composition and content of fatty acid in different organizations of the red tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)parent fish were discussed by using gas chromatography.The results showed that there were five kinds of fatty acid with higher content in different organizations of parent fish viz.,C16:0,C16:1n-7,C18:0,C18:1n-9 and C18:2n-6 taking up more than 70% in total fatty acid excluding testes.Besides,there were still some PUFA: C18:3n-3 and n-6.The species composition of SFA and MUFA were basically the same in the female fish,while SFA and MUFA in male gonad was significantly different with other organizations(P<0.05).There were six more fatty acid types in female gonad than that in male gonad.C18:2n-6 and ARA were the main PUFA both in the male and female fish.The fatty acid content of red tilapia parent fish were MUFA>SFA>PUFA in abdominal adipose,hepatopancreas & muscle and MUFA > PUFA > SFA in ovary.The highest content of PUFA was in gonad and the lowest was in abdominal adipose.The content of linoleum acid was distinctively higher than linolenic acid excluding testes(P<0.05).EPA was only detected in female fish’s abdominal fat.And little DHA could be detected in the gonad.Four kinds of organizations(n-3/n-6) in red tilapia were within 1excluding testes.