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从“广米”看宋元珠江三角洲地区富有阶层的兴起
引用本文:吴建新.从“广米”看宋元珠江三角洲地区富有阶层的兴起[J].古今农业,2014(2):30-45.
作者姓名:吴建新
作者单位:华南农业大学人文学院,广东广州510642
摘    要:本文主要论述了由于"广米"的畅销,使珠江三角洲等地兴起囤积、生产粮食的现象,通过丰富史料证明乡村中的富有阶层拥有、买卖、囤积粮食的情况。由于粮食生产有利可图,因此富有阶层以购买、兼并、圈占等方式取得土地的占有权,还占有水利资源以使土地资源升值,获得租谷。宋元期,王朝对岭南实行前代治理所没有过的农业政策,在珠三角实行的官员劝农活动取得了一定的成效,特别是在宋亡之后的宋遗民中的一部分士人转而研究农学,初步出现了一批耕读传家的人群。拥有土地和水利资源的富有阶层从事农业活动以增值财富,这是宋元岭南重要的社会变迁。

关 键 词:“广米”  宋元  岭南  富有阶层

On the Rise of the Wealthy in the Region of Pearl River Delta in Song and Yuan Dynasties from the Perspective of Canton--produced Rice
Wu Jianxin.On the Rise of the Wealthy in the Region of Pearl River Delta in Song and Yuan Dynasties from the Perspective of Canton--produced Rice[J].Ancient and Modern Agriculture,2014(2):30-45.
Authors:Wu Jianxin
Institution:Wu Jianxin (College of Humanities, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642)
Abstract:Because of the boom of Canton--produced rice, the phenomenon of rice being hoarded and produced in the area of Pearl River Delta the purpose of which is to explain the situation how the village wealthy people possessed, transacted and hoarded rice. Since food production was profitable, the wealthy got the right of land possession by purchasing, merging and occupying. They also occupied hydro--power resources to appreciate land resources and to get rice as the tax. Since Song and Yuan Dynasties carried out the agricultural policy that was not taken by the previous dynasties in the south of the five ridges, some results were received by the advice given for the farmers from the governors executed in Pearl River Delta. Especially after Song Dynasty perished, some adherents of former Song Dynasty turned to study agricultural science. At that time, there were some groups who had the practice of cultivation and reading. The wealthy that had land and hydro--power resources were occupied in agricultural activities to gain more fortunes, which was the significant social change in the south of the Five Ridges of Song and Yuan Dynasties.
Keywords:Canton--produced Rice  Song and Yuan Dynasties  South of the Five Ridges  the Wealthy
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