不同耕作制度对荒漠绿洲土壤物理性质和温度的影响

在南疆进行的两年连续4茬免耕种植作物后,耕层免耕土壤的容重比传统耕翻土壤增加0.03-0.05g.cm-3,耕层土壤的饱和含水量、田间持水量、水分容积分别减少0.81-1.82%、1.52-2.37%、1.02-2.42%,总孔隙度下降0.87-1.60%,而通气孔隙度增加0.58-1.55%;不同耕作方式的土壤温度效应总变化趋势是:耕作覆膜>传统耕作>免耕留茬>免耕覆盖秸秆,免耕降低土壤温度。但在一天内四种不同耕作方式耕层土壤温度上升与下降的变化趋势相同,土壤最高温度出现的时间也相同,免耕可使土壤温度的昼夜温差变化幅度减小。

Effect of Different Cultural System on Soil Physical Property and Temperature in Desert Oasis

After crop has been planted for two years which four wheel by the way of no-tillage,Apparent specific gravity of no-tillage soil tillage layer raise 0.03~0.05g.cm-1 compared with traditional tillage.Eutric dampness,field capacity,water volume partly reduce 0.81~1.82%,1.52~2.37%,1.02~2.42%.Total pore space increases 0.87~1.60%,but aeration pore space raises 0.58~1.55%;total change tendency of soil temperature effect of different cultivation is tillage covering-membrane>traditional tillage>no-tillage residual> no-tillage overburden,and no-tillage reduce soil temperature.Soil temperature change tendency of rising and dropping is same for four different cultural measures in a day,but the time which of the top of temperature of soil appeared is same;no-tillage can reduce change extent of day and night temperature difference.