3个橄榄品种果实采后贮藏期间的生理变化

【目的】分析3个橄榄品种果实采后贮藏期间的生理变化,筛选出耐藏性较好的品种为选育优良橄榄品种提供参考依据。【方法】以潮汕地区3个橄榄品种(丰玉1号、深洋甜种和一点红)果实为试验材料,置于室温(15~25℃)、湿度60%~80%条件下贮藏,贮藏期间每2 d测定1次果实的呼吸强度、质膜相对透性、过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量等生理指标,并统计果实的失重率和好果率。【结果】室温贮藏至第8 d,一点红橄榄的好果率仍保持在98%,丰玉1号橄榄仅50%;贮藏至第6 d,丰玉1号橄榄出现呼吸高峰,深洋甜种和一点红橄榄的呼吸强度呈上升趋势,但尚未出现呼吸高峰;整个贮藏期间,3个橄榄品种果实的失重率、质膜相对透性和MDA含量均呈逐渐上升趋势,POD活性则呈先上升后下降再上升的变化趋势,贮藏至第8 d,深洋甜种橄榄的失重率和POD活性最低,一点红橄榄的质膜相对透性和MDA含量最低;PPO活性由高到低为:丰玉1号>深洋甜种>一点红。【结论】3个橄榄品种中,以一点红橄榄的耐藏性最佳,深洋甜种橄榄次之,可将一点红和深洋甜种橄榄远销非产地市场,而丰玉1号橄榄适合产地自销。

Physiological changes of fruits for 3 Canarium album cultivars during postharvest storage

Objective]The fruit physiology changes of 3 Canarium album cultivars during postharvest storage were studied, and the storable cultivar was screened out, in order to provide reference basis for breeding superior cultivars of C. album. Method]Taking 3 Canarium album cultivars(Fengyu 1, Shenyang sweet, Yidianhong) from Chaoshan, Guangdong as tested materials, the physiological indicators including respiratory intensity, cell membrane permeability, peroxidase (POD) activity and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity, malondialdehyde(MDA) content were determined, and the weight loss rate and good fruit rate were determined every 2 days, when they were stored at room temperature(15-25 ℃) and relative humidity of 60%-80%. Result]After being stored at room temperature for 8 day , the good fruit rate of Yidianhong was still maintained at 98%, that of Fengyu 1 was only 50%. The respiratory peak of Fengyu 1 was on the 6th day during storage at room temperature, the Shenyang sweet and Yidianhong showed an increasing tendency, the respiratory peak had not appeared. The weight loss rate, cell membrane permeability and MDA content of all 3 C. album cultivars increased gradually during whole storage period, the POD activity increased first and then decreased and then increased. After being stored at room temperature for 8 d, the weight loss rate and POD activity of Shenyang sweet fruit were the lowest, and the cell membrane permeability and MDA content of Yidianhong fruit were the lowest. Three C. album cultivars were sorted by PPO activity, as follows: Fengyu 1>Shenyang sweet>Yidianhong. Conclusion]Among 3 cultivars(Fengyu 1, Shenyang sweet, Yidianhong), Yidianhong is the most suitable for storage, closely followed by Shenyang sweet. Therefore, Yidianhong and Shenyang sweet can be exported to non-producing areas, and Fengyu 1 should be sold in producing areas.