施肥量对秋播麻疯树周年生长和养分积累的影响

【目的】了解麻疯树营养特性,为麻疯树科学施肥提供参考依据。【方法】以麻疯树FD-8号为试验材料,采用盆栽方法,设置复合肥施用量0(CK)、1.415、2.830和4.246 t/ha共4个处理,调查秋播麻疯树周年生长性状及养分积累状况。【结果】施用复合肥能明显促进麻疯树生长,但施肥量对地径和茎高生长的影响因生长阶段不同而有差异。不同处理下周年生麻疯树N、P2O5、K2O积累量分别为0.185~0.750、0.249~1.047和1.089~4.514 g/株,比例约为1.0∶1.4∶6.2;随施肥量的增加,周年生麻疯树根、茎及叶的N、P2O5、K2O积累量显著增加(P<0.05),但根、茎及叶的N、P2O5、K2O含量先增加后下降;施肥量也影响N、P2O5、K2O在麻疯树根、茎、叶的分配。【结论】施用复合肥(N∶P2O5∶K2O=18∶8∶18)4.246 t/ha有利于补充麻疯树周年生长对N、P、K的需求,并促进苗木各器官协调生长。

Effects of fertilizer application rates on annual growth and nutrient accumulation for autumn sowing Jatropha curcas L.

Objective]The nutritious characteristics were studied, in order to provide references for appropriate fertil-ization in cultivation of Jatropha curcas L. Method]Using J. curcas cultivar FD-8 as tested material, the pot experiment was conducted to study the annual growth characteristics and nutrient accumulation of autumn sowing J. curcas under dif-ferent application rates of compound fertilizer(1.415, 2.830 and 4.246 t/ha), with no fertilization as control(CK). Result]The results showed that, the compound fertilizer application could obviously promote growth of J. curcas plantlet, while there existed some differences in effect of fertilizer application rates on ground diameter and stem height growth at different growth stages. Under different treatments, the annual accumulation of N, P2O5 and K2O were 0.185-0.750, 0.249-1.047 and 1.089-4.514 g/plant, respectively, and the ratio was approximately 1.0∶1.4∶6.2. With the increase of fertilizer applica-tion rates, the annual accumulation of N, P2O5 and K2O in root, stem and leaf increased significantly, while the contents of N, P2O5 and K2O in root, stem and leaf increased first but then decreased. The compound fertilizer application had ob-viously influence on N, P2O5 and K2O distribution in root, stem and leaf.Conclusion]The compound fertilizer(N∶P2O5∶K2O=18∶8∶18) application rate of 4.246 t/ha is mostly beneficial to supplement N, P and K nutrient, and which can improve synthetical growth of J. curcas.