野生云南光唇鱼肌肉营养成分分析及品质评价

【目的】分析野生云南光唇鱼肌肉营养成分,并评价其品质,为进一步了解野生云南光唇鱼肌肉营养价值及更好地保护和开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】自乌江水系毕节段收集4龄繁殖前期的野生云南光唇鱼,活体取每尾鱼体脊柱两侧肌肉,分析测定其一般营养成分含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸的含量和组成,并进行营养价值评价。【结果】野生云南光唇鱼肌肉中水分含量为(78.46±1.11)%,粗蛋白含量为(17.33±0.13)%,粗脂肪含量为(2.07±0.07)%,粗灰分含量为(1.48±0.25)%;肌肉中共含有18种氨基酸,总量为(73.30±0.36)%,其中含有4种鲜味氨基酸(天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸),总量为(19.81±0.11)%,必需氨基酸总量与氨基酸总量比值(∑EAA/∑TAA)为46.97%,必需氨基酸总量与非必需氨基酸总量比值(∑EAA/∑NEAA)为88.58%;必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为70.63±0.39,苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸和色氨酸是决定和限制野生云南光唇鱼肌肉营养评价的关键氨基酸。肌肉中测出13种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸总量为(34.807±2.464)%,不饱和脂肪酸总量为(65.191±2.735)%。【结论】野生云南光唇鱼肌肉蛋白质含量高,氨基酸平衡效果好,营养价值高,既可食用又可作为功能保健成分予以开发利用。

Nutritional components analysis and nutritive value evaluation of wild Acrossocheilus yunnanensis muscle

Objective]The present study analyzed nutritional components in muscle of wild Acrossocheilus yunnanensis and evaluated the nutritive value, in order to further understand nutrients in wild A. yunnanensis muscles and provide basis for the protection and development. Method]Wild A. yunnanensis at early breeding period was collected from Bijie section of Wujinag river. Muscle on both sides of the spine in live fishes were seperated to determined the general nutrients, amino acids and fatty acid, and to evaluate the nutritive value. Result]In muscle of wild A. yunnanensis, there was (78.46±1.11)%moisture, (17.33±0.13)% crude protein, (2.07±0.07)% crude fat and (1.48±0.25)% crude ash. The content of 18 amino acids occupied (73.30±0.36)% of total muscle weight. Four kinds of flavor amino acid(Asp,Gla,Aia and Gly) made up (19.81±0.11)% of total amino acid. Percentage of total essential amino acid to total amino acid(∑EAA/∑TAA) was 46.97%, and that of essential amino acid to non-essential amino acid(∑EAA/∑NEAA) was 88.58%. Essential amino acids index(EAAI) was 70.63±0.39. Phe+Tyr and Trp played an important role in nutritive value evaluation of wild A. yunnanensis muscle. There were 13 fatty acids in muscle of wild A. yunnanensis, with saturated fatty acid content being (34.807±2.464)% and unsaturated fatty acid content being (65.191±2.735)%. Conclusion]Wild A. yunnanensis contains high protein content, balanced amino acids and high nutritional value in muscle. Therefore, it can be used as edible fish and also developed as essential components of healthy food products.