氯吡脲对葛根产量和品质的影响

【目的】探讨氯吡脲对葛根产量和品质的影响,为葛根高产优质栽培和药用资源开发利用提供参考。【方法】以广西主栽品种桂葛1号为材料,在块根膨大中期分别喷施1、5、25和50 mg/L的氯吡脲溶液,以清水为对照(CK),喷施后30和60 d测定叶片叶绿素含量,喷施后6个月测定块根的生长指标、品质指标和主要药效成分含量,评价不同氯吡脲浓度对葛根产量和品质的影响。【结果】与CK相比,各氯吡脲处理均可提高葛根叶片的叶绿素含量,促进块根根长和根粗的生长,提高干物质含量;但对块根单株鲜重、淀粉和可溶性糖及药用成分含量的影响存在差异。1 mg/L浓度处理的葛根块根根粗、平均单株鲜重、干物质含量、淀粉和可溶性糖含量最高,均显著高于CK(P0.05,下同);5mg/L浓度处理的葛根总黄酮和葛根素含量最高,显著高于CK,块根根粗、干重、可溶性糖和纤维素含量也相对较高;25~50 mg/L浓度处理除块根纤维素含量显著高于CK外,其他品质和药效成分指标大多低于CK或与CK差异不显著(P0.05)。【结论】块根膨大期叶面喷施氯吡脲对桂葛1号的生长、产量、品质及药效成分等会产生不同程度的影响,其中以喷施1~5 mg/L氯吡脲对提高葛根产量和品质的综合效果最佳。

Effects of forchlorfenuron on yield and quality of kudzu root

Objective] The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of forchlorfenuron on yield and quality of kudzu root to provide reference for high-yield,high-quality cultivation and medical resource development of kudzu root.Method] In this study,in order to evaluate the effects of forchlorfenuron in different concentrations on the yield and quality of kudzu,1,5,25 and 50 mg/L forchlorfenuron were sprayed on Guige 1 during the expansion of root tuber,with the treatment of spraying clear water as CK.Content of chlorophyll were measured after 30 and 60 d,and growth traits,quality traits and main medicinal ingredients were measured six months later.Result]The results showed that,in comparison with CK,forchlorfenuron significantly improved the contents of chlorophyll,promoted the length and width of root tuber and dry matter content.But its effects on the fresh weight per plant,contents of starch,soluble sugar and medicinal ingredients varied.The diameter of tuberous root,average fresh weight per plant,dry matter content,the contents of starch and soluble sugar were the highest when treated by 1 mg/L forchlorfenuron,all significantly higher than those of CK (P＜0.05,the same below).The contents of total flavinoids and puerarin were the highest when treated by 5 mg/L forchlorfenuron,all significantly higher than those in CK,and the diameter of root tuber,dry weight and contents of soluble sugar and cellulose were relatively higher,When treated by 25-50 mg/L,the content of cellulose was significantly improved than that of CK,but other indicators of quality and medicinal ingredients were lower than those in CK or not significantly different from those in CK.Conclusion] Spraying forchlorfenuron in the period of kudzu root expansion influences growth,yield,quality and medicinal ingredients of Guige 1 to various extents.Spraying 1-5 mg/L forchlorfenuron has the optimal effects on yield and quality improvement of kudzu root.