10月龄波纹龙虾形态性状对体质量的相关性及通径分析

【目的】分析10月龄波纹龙虾（Panulirus homarus）形态性状对其体质量的影响，为波纹龙虾优良形态性状的选择育种提供参考。【方法】测量51尾10月龄波纹龙虾的体质量（Y）和体长（X₁）、头胸甲长（X₂）、头胸甲宽（X₃）、头胸甲高（X₄）、腹部长（X₅）、第一腹宽（X₆）、第一腹高（X₇）7个形态性状，利用多元回归分析10月龄波纹龙虾形态性状与体质量的相互关系，经相关分析和通径分析找出体质量的主要影响性状，结合逐步回归分析建立10月龄波纹龙虾形态性状对体质量的回归方程，筛选出最优拟合曲线模型。【结果】10月龄波纹龙虾7个形态性状间均存在极显著相关性（P<0.01，下同），7个形态性状与体质量间也存在极显著相关性。其中，体长（X₁）、头胸甲长（X₂）和头胸甲高（X₄）对体质量的影响均达显著（P<0.05）或极显著水平，且这3个形态性状对体质量的直接决定系数与间接决定系数的总和为0.941，大于0.850，说明波纹龙虾的体质量主要由这3个形态性状共同决定。回归分析建立形态性状对体质量的多元回归方程:Y=-444.692+1.141X₁+5.943X₂+2.347X₄。将回归方程中保留的X₁、X₂和X₄3个形态性状分别与体质量进行曲线模型拟合，10种曲线模型拟合结果均达极显著水平，说明曲线拟合获得的模型均有意义。从拟合结果来看，X₁、X₂、X₄对体质量的最优拟合模型分别为指数函数、三次函数和幂函数，其公式分别为Y=9.344e0.018X₁、Y=-0.029X₂2+0.001X₂+61.131、Y=0.3X₄2.35，对应的R2分别为0.892、0.936和0.805。【结论】体长、头胸甲长和头胸甲高对波纹龙虾体质量有显著的影响，在以体质量为主要指标进行苗种繁育和亲本选育时，应以头胸甲长为主要选择性状，体长和头胸甲高为辅助选择性状。

Correlation between morphological traits and body weight in 10-month-old corvina lobsters（Panulirus homarus） and path analysis

【objective】 To analyze the influence of morphological traits on the body weight of 10-month-old corrugated lobster(Panulirus homarus), and to provide reference for the selection and breeding of excellent morphological traits in corrugated lobster.【Method】Body weight(Y) and seven morphological traits of body length(X₁), cephalothorax length(X₂), cephalothorax width(X₃), cephalothorax height(X₄), abdominal length(X₅), first abdominal width(X₆) and first abdominal height(X₇) were measured in 51 10-month-old corvina lobsters, and the interrelationships between morphological traits and body weight of 10-month-old corvina lobsters were analyzed by multiple regression, and the main influencing traits of body weight were identified by correlation analysis and path analysis. The regression equation of morphological traits on body weight was established by using multiple regression analysis, and the best-fit curve model was selected by combining stepwise regression analysis.【Result】There was extremely significant correlation among all seven morphological traits(P<0.01, the same below) and between the seven morphological traits and body weight in 10-month-old corvina lobsters. Among them, the effects of body length(X₁), cephalothorax length(X₂) and cephalothorax height(X₄) on body weight were all significant(P<0.05) or extremely significant, and the sum of the direct and indirect coefficients of these three morphological traits on body weight was 0.941, which was greater than 0.850, indicating that the body weight of corvina lobsters was mainly determined by these three morphological traits together. The regression analysis established a multiple regression equation for morphological traits on body weight:Y=-444.692+1.141X₁+ 5.943X₂+2.347X₄. The three morphological traits retained in the regression equation, namely X₁, X₂ and X₄, were fitted with body weight separately. The results of the 10 curve models were extremely significant, indicating that the models obtained by curve fitting were meaningful. From the fitting results, the best-fit models of X₁, X₂ and X₄ for body weight were exponential, cubic and power functions with the equations Y=9.344e0.018i>X₁, Y=-0.029X₂2+0.001X₂+61.131 and Y=0.3X₄2.35 respectively, corresponding to R2 of 0.892, 0.936 and 0.805 respectively.【Conclusion】Body length, cephalothorax length and cephalothorax height have significant effect on the body weight of the corrugated lobster. When using body weight as the main indicator for fry breeding and parental selection, cephalothorax length should be the main selection trait, with body length and cephalothorax height as secondary selection traits.