草地贪夜蛾性诱剂纳米诱芯的制备及其应用

【目的】制备草地贪夜蛾性诱剂纳米诱芯，并开展田间诱捕试验，筛选出最佳且有效的诱芯，为草地贪夜蛾的监测和绿色防控提供参考依据。【方法】采用共溶剂法，以两亲脂质分子（DSPE-mPEG₅₀₀₀）为载体制备草地贪夜蛾性信息素胶体粒子，以0.22μm聚醚砜膜为缓释材料制备纳米诱芯，采用田间生物测定方法比较不同缓释载体材料和不同质量诱芯的诱蛾效果。【结果】性信息素Z9-14:OAc、Z7-12:OAc和Z11-16:OAc质量比为90:0.5:9.5时诱蛾效果最佳；草地贪夜蛾性信息素胶体粒子呈球形，尺寸在40 nm左右，具有良好的分散性。以0.22μm聚醚砜膜缓释载体的纳米诱芯诱蛾量最多，为6.07头/d；缓释载体为PVC毛细管的诱芯诱蛾量次之，天然橡胶塞的诱蛾量最少。纳米诱芯质量为2.0 mg时的诱蛾效果最佳，诱蛾量显著高于除1.5 mg外的诱芯质量（P<0.05）。【结论】纳米载体DSPE-mPEG₅₀₀₀可有效减缓性信息素分解和氧化变质的速度，延长挥发时间。0.22μm聚醚砜膜载体对草地贪夜蛾性信息素胶体粒子有明显的吸附作用，纳米性诱剂对草地贪夜蛾具有良好的室内引诱作用和田间诱捕效果，可进一步开发并应用于草地贪夜蛾的监测与防控。

The preparation and application of nanoscale sex attractant lures against Spodoptera frugiperda

【Objective】Prepared nanoscale sex attractant lures for Spodoptera frugiperda, and carried out field trapping experiments to screen out the best and effective lure to provide reference for monitoring and green control of S. frugiperda.【Method】The amphiphilic lipid molecule(DSPE-mPEG₅₀₀₀) was used as a nanocarrier to encapsulate sex pheromone to form sex pheromone colloidal particles of S. frugiperda by a co-solvent method, and the nanoscale lure was prepared with 0.22μm polyethersulfone membrane as sustained-release material. The amount of trapped S. frugiperda with different sustained-release carrier materials and different qualities of lures were compared by field bioassay method.【Result】The lure with mass ratios of Z9-14:OAc, Z7-12:OAc, and Z11-16:OAc=90:0.5:9.5 caught the most S. frugiperda. The sex pheromonecolloidal particles were spherical with a mean diameter of 40 nm, and it had fine dispersion performance. The nanoscale sex attractant lures with the sustained-release carriers of 0.22μm polyethersulfone membrane caught the most S. frugiperda males, which was 6.07 moth/d;followed by the sustained-release carriers of PVC capillary, while natural rubber plugcaught the least. The trapped effect was the best when nanoscale sex pheromone attractants was 2.0 mg, which was significantly better than all the attractants except 1.5 mg(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The nanocarrier DSPE-mPEG₅₀₀₀ can effectively slow down the decomposition and oxidation rate of sex pheromone and prolong the volatilization time. The 0.22μm polyethersulfone membrane carrier has obvious adsorption effect on sex pheromone colloid particles, and the nanoscale sex attractant lures has good indoor attractant and field trap effect on S. frugiperda. The nanoscale lure can be further developed and used in the monitoring and control of S. frugiperda.