茶园不同控草措施效果比较

【目的】探究不同茶园杂草防控措施的效果,寻找出成本低、效果佳、无污染的除草方式,为防控茶园草害发生及指导茶农科学除草提供技术支撑。【方法】以茶树自然生长为对照(CK),设套种绿豆(生物竞争)、人工除草(人工铲除)、剪枝覆盖(物理抑制)及喷施除草醋(化学清除)等4种不同控草处理,通过观测不同处理杂草数量、种类及株高等,计算杂草多样性指数,比较不同处理的杂草防除效果。【结果】试验区茶园共滋生杂草13科20属20种,4种不同控草措施对茶园杂草种类、数量、密度和株高均有不同程度的影响,茶园杂草种类减少1~8种,数量减幅16.62%~89.06%,密度抑制幅度4.18%~100.00%,除套种绿豆处理下个别草种株高呈现出增高的趋势外,其余处理对茶园杂草株高有明显的抑制作用。综合比较得出茶园杂草防控效果依次为除草醋剪枝覆盖人工除草套种绿豆。【结论】喷施除草醋和剪枝覆盖处理对茶园杂草防控效果表现尤为突出,可在当前茶园生产实际中大力推广应用。

Comparison on effects of different weed control measures in tea garden

Objective]Effects of different weed control measures in tea garden were studied to find out a way of low cost,good effect,non-pollution to deal with weeds,in order to provide assistance for controlling weeds in tea garden and guidance for tea farmers to deal with weeds in a scientific way.Method]The experiment was conducted with naturally growing tea trees as control(CK),adopting four weed control measures including interplanting green beans(biological competition),pruning cover(physical control),artificially pruning weeds(artificial removal)and spraying weeding vine-gar(chemical cleaning). Weed quantity,species and plant height under different treatments were recorded to calculate the weed diversity index and compare the effects of different weed control measures.Result]The results showed that there were 20 species weeds of 20 genera from 13 families in tea garden,and different control measures had different extents of impact on species,quantity,density,and plant height of weed. One to eight weed species in tea garden were reduced, with quantity decreased by 16.62%-89.06%and density decreased by 4.18%-100.00%. Plant height of weeds were obviously inhibited by the treatments except that some weed species was increased under treatment of interplanting green beans. Comprehensive comparison showed that the effects of weed control measures in tea garden was as follows:spraying weeding vinegar>pruning cover>artificially pruning weeds>interplanting green beans.Conclusion]Pruning cover and spraying weed vinegar are effective ways to control weeds in tea garden,which can be widely promoted in tea gardens.