不同养殖方式对鳙肠道细菌群落结构的影响

【目的】评价不同养殖方式对鳙肠道微生物菌群种类及其多样性的影响,为发展鳙的健康养殖提供参考依据。【方法】设生物絮团组、施肥组和网箱吊养组3种养殖方式,经过8周的饲养周期后,运用PCR-DGGE对不同养殖方式下鳙肠道定植菌进行比较分析。【结果】鳙肠道细菌多样性排序为生物絮团组施肥组网箱吊养组,其中,生物絮团组与施肥组、生物絮团组与网箱吊养组、施肥组与网箱吊养组的DGGE图谱相似性依次为53.8%、39.4%和42.8%。生物絮团组鳙肠道的特异条带代表α-亚群的葡糖醋杆菌属(Gluconacetobacter)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)和几类不可培养细菌(EU585886.1、FN824844.1、GU498473.1、GU486235.1和JN399992.1);施肥组和网箱吊养组鳙肠道的特异条带代表梭菌属(Clostridium)、气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)及不可培养细菌(EU376178.1)。【结论】生物絮团的应用能有效增强养殖鳙肠道微生物菌群组成多样性,降低气单胞菌在鳙肠道的分布,可作为高蛋白饵料类型被鳙摄食。

Effects of different aquaculture models on intestinal bacterial community of bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis)

Objective]The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different aquaculture models on in-testinal bacteria composition and diversity of Aristichthys nobilis, to provide reference for healthy culture of it. Method]A feeding trial was carried out for eight weeks, and was divided into three groups:biofloc group, fertilization group and cage hanging group. The intestinal colonization bacteria of A. nobilis which were cultivated in three different models was com-pared by PCR-DGGE technology. Result]Results showed that the order of intestinal bacteria diversity followed as biofloc group>fertilization group>cage hanging group, and the DGGE map similarities between biofloc group and fertilization group, biofloc group and cage hanging group, fertilization group and cage hanging group were 53.8%, 39.4% and 42.8% respec-tively. Specific bands in biofloc group represented Gluconacetobacter, Staphylococcus, Chloroflexi and some uncultured bacteria(EU585886.1, FN824844.1, GU498473.1, GU486235.1 and JN399992.1) ofα-subset. Specific bands in fertilization group and cage hanging group were Clostridium, Aeromonas and uncultured bacteria (EU376178.1). Conclusion]The application of biofloc enhances the diversity of intestinal microflora composition in A. nobilis, and reduces the distribution of Aeromonas in A. nobilis intestine. Biofloc can also be used as one kind of high protein bait for A. nobilis.