高压微波消解-ICP-AES法分析有棱丝瓜叶片中的元素

【目的】探讨有棱丝瓜叶中营养元素的含量及其分布规律，揭示丝瓜叶片的药用价值。【方法】采用高压微波消解处理有棱丝瓜叶片样品，通过电感耦合等离子体光谱法（ICP-AES）测定有棱丝瓜叶片中16种元素：Ca、P、Mg、Mn、Fe、K、Na、Al、Zn、B、Cu、Ni、Se、Cd、P和Co。【结果】有棱丝瓜叶片含有较高的Ca、P和Mg，Mn、Fe和K的含量也相对较高，Na、Al、Zn、B 和Cu含量中等，Ni、Pb和Cd含量较低，Se和Co未能检出。除Al和Cu以外，早衰植株和健康植株叶片之间各元素含量差异不显著，且嫩叶和老叶变化趋势基本一致；P和Cu在早衰植株和健康植株上均表现为嫩叶含量高于老叶，其他元素则是老叶含量高于嫩叶。【结论】有棱丝瓜叶片有益元素含量较高，具有较高的医疗及保键价值，但由于含有对人体有害的重金属，因此作为中药材原料使用时，需要控制重金属含量超标问题。

Determination of elements in leaf of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.using high-pressure microwave digestion and ICP-AES

Objective]In order to reveal the medicinal value of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. leaves, nutrient content and their distribution were studied. Method]Leaf samples of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. were dissolved by using high-pressure microwave to determine 16 elements (Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Fe, K, Na, Al, Zn, B, Cu, Ni, Se, Cd, P, Co) by ICP-AES. Result]It was found that leaf samples of L. acutangula contained high concentrations of Ca, P and Mg. The contents of Mn, Fe and K were relatively high. The contents of Na, Al, Zn, B and Cu were medium, while the Ni, Pb and Cd contents were very low, and Se and Co were absent. Except Al and Cu, the differences amongst leaf elements for premature and healthy plants were not significant. P and Cu contents in young leaves were higher than those in older leaves in both the premature and the healthy plants, but the contents of other elements were higher in the older leaves. Conclusion]Though, the leaves of L. acutangula contained high concentration of elements beneficial for human health, the detrimental heavy metal elements were also present. Therefore, there is need to investigate and control heavy metal content in leaves of L. acutangula when use it as traditional Chinese medicinal material.