中国集约高产农田生态健康评价方法及指标体系初探

如何科学评价目前中国粮食主产区高产农田的生态健康现状与问题,为制定科学合理的对策,促进中国粮食主产区农业可持续健康发展、保障国家粮食安全是当务之急。目前关于农田生态系统健康评价从土壤-作物-环境三大子系统综合考虑构建评价指标体系的研究很少,没有比较完善的、为大家公认的关于农田生态健康状况评价的指标体系。采用总体分析法,查阅统计了国内外关于农田生态健康评价研究的相关指标。在此基础上,为了使评价指标更加切合中国三大平原粮食主产区高产农田土壤、作物以及环境的健康问题,采用专家问卷调查法,最终初步确定了中国农田生态健康评价指标体系,每个区域的评价体系都有22个指标,三大平原指标之间有所区别,充分体现了整体的一致性和区域的特殊性,使得指标体系更具实用性和针对性,可为该领域的研究与决策提供科学参考。

Constructing an Index System for Ecological Health Evaluation of Cropping System in China Main Food Production Areas

To ensure food security and agriculture sustainable development,it is urgent need to building a scientific indicator system to evaluate the situation of the high-yield cropland ecosystem in China main food production areas,which under great press of soil structure destroying,and ecological functions degradation in the process of seeking high and high yield.At present,there was not a greatly accepted evaluating indicator system suit for cropland system evaluating which incorporated with the soil-crop-environment subsystem.So in this paper,based on the methods of meta-analysis and expert questionnaire,we constructed an index system for ecological health evaluation of cropping system that suit for evaluating the condition of ecological health in Northeast Plain,North and Yangtze River valley of China Main Food Production Areas.