长期食用黄豆对小鼠肠道微生物的影响研究

目的 探究长期食用黄豆对小鼠肠道微生物的影响，为日常膳食营养提供依据。方法 先将小鼠按照年龄分为1月龄（幼年）、6月龄（中年）、9月龄（老年）组，每组再按照随机数字表分为对照组、1：1组、1：2组和1：4组，对照组给予标准饲料喂养，1：1组、1：2组和1：4组分别将基础饲料与黄豆按1：1、1：2和1：4关系配比进行饲养。喂养4个月后，采集小鼠盲肠段内容物进行微生物分析。结果 1月龄小鼠食用不同比例的黄豆后，与对照组比较，肠道细菌总数、乳酸菌数、双歧杆菌数和大肠杆菌数均下降明显（P<0.01）；6月龄小鼠1：2组的肠道细菌总数、乳酸菌数、双岐杆菌数和大肠杆菌数远远高于其余各组（P<0.01）；9月龄小鼠食用不同比例的黄豆后，肠道细菌总数下降，且食用较高比例的黄豆，肠道乳酸菌数、双岐杆菌数和大肠杆菌数与对照组比较，下降明显（P<0.01或P<0.05）。结论 不同年龄段食用不同比例黄豆对肠道微生物的影响不同，6月龄食用1：2黄豆最佳。

Effect of Long-Term Consumption of Soybean on the Intestinal Microbiota of Mice

Objective To explore the impact of long-term consumption of soybean on the intestinal microbial, and to provide a basis for the daily diet. Methods The mice were divided into three groups of 1 month old (infancy), 6 months old (middle aged) and 9 months old (old age) according to the age, and each group was randomly divided into control group, 1:1 group, 1:2 group and 1:4 group. The control group was fed a standard diet, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 group were fed by 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 ratio of basic feed and soybean, respectively. After feeding for 4 months, the content of the microorganism in cecum was collected and analyzed. Results After feeding different proportion of soybean in 1 month old mice, the total number of bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E. coli decreased significantly (P<0.01); In 6 months old mice, the number of intestinal bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E. coli of 1:2 group was far higher than that of the other groups; After eating different proportions of soybeans of 9 months old mice, the total number of intestinal bacteria decreased, and with the higher proportion of soybean, the number of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E. coli decreased significantly (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion The effects of different proportions of soybean on the intestinal microflora was different in different age groups, the proportion of 1:2 soybean is the best in 6 months old mice.