渝东北生态涵养发展区留守妇女性传播疾病调查分析

目的 明确渝东北生态涵养发展区留守妇女性传播疾病感染现状及影响因素，完善流行病学监测及管理，为留守妇女性传播疾病防治提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取渝东北城镇及农村地区留守妇女及非留守妇女两组共90人为研究对象（每组45人），填写生殖健康相关问卷调查，主要包括一般状况、配偶外出打工及回家状况、滋病相关知识了解情况、避孕套使用情况、既往性病感染及就医情况等。实验室检测阴道毛滴虫及白色念珠菌、解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体、淋球菌、梅毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）抗体。结果 两组共检测出2例梅毒螺旋体感染、7例沙眼衣原体感染、12例解脲支原体感染、4例淋球菌感染、4例滴虫感染、7例霉菌感染。留守妇女感染性传播疾病风险均要高于非留守妇女，且留守妇女不同年龄和学历水平与性传播疾病患病率有关，20~35岁年龄段和初中及以下学历者患病率均高于36~50岁年龄段和高中学历者（P<0.05）。结论 留守妇女性传播疾病的患病率高，求医就诊率低。加强留守妇女的性传播疾病防治及相关知识的宣传教育，定期健康筛查及干预，有助于降低留守妇女患性传播疾病的风险。

Investigation and Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases of Left Behind Women in Ecological Conservation Development Zone of Northeast Chongqing

Objective To investigate the current state and influencing factors of left-behind women''s sexually transmitted diseases in ecological conservation development area of Northeast Chongqing, improve epidemiological monitoring and management, provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the left-behind women''s sexually transmitted diseases. Methods A total of 90 women and non left-behind women were randomly selected from the study. Fill in the general situation questionnaire survey:mainly including general situation, the knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases, condom use, past venereal infection and the situation of medical treatment, etc.. The Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody were detected in laboratory. Results There were 2 cases of syphilis infection, 7 cases of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, 12 cases of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection, 4 cases of gonococcal infection, 4 cases of trichomonal infection, 7 cases with mycotic infection. The risk of sexually transmitted disease of the left behind women was higher than that of the non left behind women (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of left-behind women''s sexually transmitted diseases is high, with the low rate of medical treatment. Strengthening the prevention and related knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases of the left-behind women, and regular health screening and intervention will help to reduce the infection risk of sexually transmitted diseases of left behind women.