灌溉与供磷对复合群体作物根系的调控及其产量效应

利用大田和管栽试验结合的方法,选择小麦/玉米/马铃薯和小麦/玉米两种间作模式,对灌溉与供磷条件下间作群体中作物根系时空分布的特征进行了研究。结果表明,适当的干旱有利于根系的下扎和产量的提高,严重干旱大大地降低了带田小麦和玉米的根量和产量;供磷促进根系的下扎,增加根重。供磷与不供磷相比,在小麦拔节期(玉米三叶期)小麦总根量平均高出94.66%,玉米高出67.67%;小麦灌浆期(玉米大喇叭口期)小麦高出42.08%,玉米高出124.13%;小麦收获后(玉米灌浆期)小麦高出82.58%,玉米高出61.61%。大田试验结果表明,经济产量以中灌(1050m3/hm2·次)和高磷(150kg纯P2O5/hm2)处理最高。

Effect of Irrigation and Phosphorus Application on Crop Root and Yield in Intercropping System

Field experiment was conducted in wheat /maize/potato intercropping system at the cheng zhuang station in JingTai in 2003;Accordingly,tube simulating experiment was done by using the 30cm diameter PVC tube in wheat/maize intercropping system in the net house of Gansu Agricultural University in 2003.The results were showed that crop root grew deeper and crop yield increased with light water deficit (60%~65%).Under the condition of serious water deficit ,root fresh weight and crop yield in intercropping system reduced significantly. Fresh root weight of wheat and maize under the treatment of phosphorus application were 94.66% and 67.67% higher than those under the no phosphorus application treatment at the jointing stage of wheat (seedling stage of maize); 42.08% and 124.13% at the stage of milky stage of wheat (male tetrad stage of maize); 61.61% and 82.58% after harvesting of wheat (milky stage of maize ).From field experiment ,it were also indicated that crop economic yields got to the highest under the treatment of middle irrigation (W2:1050m3/hm2) and high phosphorus (P2:150kgP2O5/hm2).