灌水控制下限对冬小麦产量及水分利用效率的影响

通过对冬小麦全生育期实施不同土壤水分控制下限,研究冬小麦的耗水规律,分析水分胁迫对其生长发育和产量形成的影响,并建立了产量与水分关系的数学模型。结果表明,不同水分处理的冬小麦耗水规律基本一致,但日耗水强度和总耗水量各处理间差别明显。各生育时段耗水量占全生育期总耗水量的百分比以孕穗灌浆期最大,达到45％;其次为拔节期,在20％左右;越冬期最小,只有4．0％～10．0％。土壤水分控制下限为55％的处理冬小麦水分利用效率最高,约为1．75kg／m3,对应的耗水量在350-400mm之间。

Effects of Irrigation Low Limits on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat

By imposing different lower limits of soil moisture on winter wheat grown in non-weighing lysimeter under a rain shelter, the water consumption law, the effects of water stress on growth, development and yield of winter wheat were studied. The yield-water models were established. The results showed that the water consumption law was generally consistent for winter wheat under different treatments of water supply; however, the obvious differences in total water consumption and daily water consumption were discovered. The largest ratio of water consumption at booting to milky stages to total water consumption was found, reached 45%, followed by jointing, about 20%, while a least rate of 4% to 10% at wintering period. The treatment which soil moisture low limit was 55% of field capacity had the largest water use efficiency, which reached 1.75kg/m3, its corresponding water consumption were 350 to 400mm.