转Bt基因抗虫棉施钾效应研究初报

试验于2002—2003年分别在安徽合肥及宿州就安徽省推广的主要抗虫棉品种,国抗1号、中棉所29及32B的施钾效应进行了研究。结果表明:(1)在每公顷施用尿素450kg、磷肥600kg条件下,Bt抗虫棉增施钾肥能明显提高其产量,皮棉产量增加2.3%￣18.9%,品质也有所改善,以施用氯化钾375kg/hm2为宜。增产的主要原因是施钾提高了单株果枝数、单株结铃数、单铃重和衣分,优质铃率也明显提高;(2)在施钾量相同条件下,不同施钾方法对产量也有显著影响,以基施与追施比6:4的方式肥效更佳;(3)中棉所29施钾处理较对照增产12.7%,32B较对照增产11.2%,产量差异均极显著;中棉所29较32B增产6.7%,且差异显著,其主要生理原因是单株干物质积累多,尤其是中后期的干物质积累速率明显高于32B,显示出杂交抗虫棉具有明显的杂种优势。

Studies on Effect of Potassium Fertilize Applied on Yield of Bt Cotton

The effect of potassium fertilizer application amount, fertilization method and different Bt cotton varieties were researched. The experiment was carried out on the farm of Anhui agricultural university and Suzhou city agricultural science institute from 2002 to 2003. The results were shown as follows: Compared with CK, contrast Transgenic Bt cotton which K fertilizer was applied in the same conditions, 2.3%~18.9% lint yield was increased and fiber quality was improved. K fertilizer applied amount for best profit was 375kg/hm2. The reason of production increase was that fruit branches, bolls, boll weight and lint increased and bolls ratio of quality increased obviously. The effect of 60% based dressing and 40% early flower period of K fertilization was the best. The experiment also declared that the effect was different between 32B and CCRI29. While in the same condition of K fertilization application, CCRI29 increased 12.7% in comparing with CK, 32B increased 11.2% in comparing with CK. 32B is sensitive to the potassium fertilizer obviously. CCRI29 increased 6.7% in comparing with 32B. Main physiological reason is that CCRI29 per plant increased more dry matter accumulation weight, especially from early flower to open stage. The dry matter accumulation weight of CCRI29 increased rapidly. The result indicated that hybridizing anti-sect cotton had remarkable hybrid advantage.