不同耐旱基因型玉米根系生理性状研究

为了研究玉米根系生理性状与耐旱性的关系,以生长于田间的玉米掖单13(耐旱)和丹玉13(不耐旱)为试验材料,分别于苗期、拔节期、孕穗期和灌浆期测定其根系分布、保水力、吸收面积、氧化力、硝酸还原酶活性以及总糖和还原糖含量等项指标.结果表明:耐旱基因型玉米在21 cm以下土层中的根干重以及根系氧化力极显著高于不耐旱基因型玉米根系(P＜0.01);根系保水力、可溶性糖含量、还原糖含量以及硝酸还原酶活性显著高于不耐旱基因型玉米根系(P＜0.05);根系总吸收面积和活跃吸收面积在两基因型玉米根系之间差异不显著(P＞0.05).这些结果表明,根系所具有的吸水、保水能力和生物节水能力对玉米耐旱能力的发挥起着重要作用.

Study on physiological character of root system between maize genotypes with different tolerance to drought

Physiological functions between two maize genotypes of Yedan-13(drought tolerance) and Danyu-13(non-drought tolerance) with different tolerance to drought in the field condition were investigated.The root distribution,water retention capacity,absorbent area,soluble sugar content,reductive sugar content and nitrate reductase activity(NRA) of two maize genotypes at different growing periods including seedling,elongation,booting and filling stages were measured.The results showed that the dry weight and oxidizing ability of roots below 21 cm underground depth of Yedan-13 were higher than that of Danyu-13 at mostly significant difference level(P<0.01).And the water retention capacity,soluble sugar content,reductive sugar content and nitrate reductase activity of Yedan-13 were also significantly higher than that of Danyu-13(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in total absorption area and active absorption area of root between two genotypes(P>0.05).These results indicated that the biological water-saving and water retention capacity of root has an important effect on the drought resistance of maize.