芽孢杆菌在促进番茄生长和控制青枯病上的比较优势

在离体条件下对47个芽孢杆菌分离物进行了抑制番茄青枯病菌测定,其中12个表现良好的抑菌能力,通过细菌学和Biolog分析将其中5个代表性拮抗菌分别鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌,解淀粉芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌,其中枯草芽孢杆菌菌株的抑菌能力最强,解淀粉芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌菌株其次.同时在温室条件下测定这5个芽孢杆菌拮抗菌促进番茄生长和诱导番茄对青枯病的抗性效果.用芽孢杆菌处理番茄种子能够有效地控制番茄青枯病,通过测定种子萌发,植株生长高度以及鲜重和干重表明芽孢杆菌的大多数分离物能够促进植物生长,同时这5个芽孢杆菌拮抗菌比对照显著地减少了青枯病的发病率,然而, 促生和病害抑制的效果因不同的菌株而异.其中枯草芽孢杆菌拮抗菌株不仅是良好的促生剂,也是有效的抗性诱导剂,它能减少青枯病80%,充分显示了芽孢杆菌在番茄青枯病治理上的潜在重要性.

Comparative performance of Bacillus spp. in growth promotion and suppression of tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Forty-seven isolates of Bacillus were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt of tomato in vitro. Twelve isolates showed inhibitory effect on bacteria growth. Five of them were identified as Bacillus subtilis, B.amyloliquefaciens and B. licheniformis by bacteriological assays and Biolog test. The isolate of B. subtilis produced the highest inhibition zone followed by that of B. amyloliquefaciens and B. licheniformis. They were also tested for their ability to promote growth and induce resistance of tomato plants against the bacterial wilt in the green house conditions. Bacterization of tomato seed by the Bacillus isolates was found to be effective in controlling the tomato wilt. Compared with the control most of Bacillus isolates promoted plant growth that was measured by seed germination, plant height, fresh weight and dry weight. Likewise all isolates significantly reduced the infection percentage compared with non-treated control, however, the rate of growth enhancement and disease suppression varied considerably with isolates. The isolate of Bacillus subtilis besides being the best growth promoters was also the most efficient resistance inducers, which reduced the infection percentage by 80.0. The study demonstrates a potential role for Bacillus species in bacterial wilt management.