番茄果实内茄红素和胡萝卜素含量的配合力分析

以5个番茄亲本及其10个F_1代为材料,分5个时期测定了成熟番茄果实内的茄红素和胡萝卜素含量,并对它们的配合力进行了统计分析,结果表明:①成熟番茄果实内的茄红素和胡萝卜素含量在基因型间、采收时期间均存在明显的差异,并存在显著的基因型与采收时期的互作效应。②各亲本茄红素和胡萝卜素含量的一般配合力效应值有显著的差异,但各亲本的一般配合力效应值在各采收时期的变化趋势基本一致。两性状的特殊配合力效应值在组合间亦存在显著的差异,但同一组合的特殊配合力效应值在各采收时期相差甚大。各亲本一般配合力效应值和各组合特殊配合力效应值的大小顺序在茄红素和胡萝卜素含量上并不一致。因此,可以认为在高茄红素和胡萝卜素含量番茄品种的选育上亲本的选配十分重要,而该两性状的测定及其配合力效应值的估算应分期进行。

Analysis of combining ability of lycopene and carotene contents in tomatoes (Lycopesicon esculen- tum Mill)

The present experiment was carried out in order to study the combining ability of ly-copene and carotene contents in tomatoes. Diallel crosses between five varieties were used with random block design of two replications. Tomato fruits were harvested five times when fully vine-ripen during the spring-summer in 1986. It was found that the contents of lycopene and carotene was different among fifteen genotypes and five harvest periods,the interaction between genotype and harvest period was very signyficant for the two quility factors. Thus the contents of lycopene and carotene and the combining ability of the two quality factors in tomatoes should be measured several times during the same growth period. The general combining ability effects (gi) of lycopene and carotene contents were different among the five parents ,and almost the same tendency of gi of each parent was observed in the five harvest periods. The special combining ability constants (sij) of each quality factors were different between genotypes and varied greatly among harvest periods. The phnotype (Xij) could be determined by the gi of parents and sij of cross combination estimated,the contribution of gi and sij for phnotype varied with genotype and characters thereby. Based on this concept,the selection of parent and cross combination for increasing the lycopene and carotene contents in tomatoes is also very important in tomato breeding (combination breeding and hybrid breeding).