钾素对杂交水稻个体及群体的生理效应

研究了钾素对杂交水稻个体与群体的生理效应。结果表明:钾通过提高光合速率、光合面积、光合势、净同化率及相对延长光合时间,增强杂交水稻的光合机能;钾促进碳水化合物的合成和低糖向多聚糖的转化,使抽穗期水稻光合器官中的还原性糖含量和贮藏器官中的淀粉含量增加;钾能提高蔗糖酶活性,降低呼吸速率,增加经济系数:钾促进杂交水稻的养份吸收机能,表现出个体根量、根系活力的增加和群体养分积累量、积累速率的提高。

STUDIES ON PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF POTASSIUM ON INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATION OF HYBIRD RICE

Experiments on the physiologycal effects of potassium on individual and population of hybird rice(var.Shan You No.6)were carried out both in pot culture and in the field in the late seasons of 1984 and 1985.The results showed that the stimulating photosynthetic function of potassium on hybird rice is due to its increasing photosynthetic rate,photosynthetic potential,leaf area for photosynthesis and net assimilation rate of population and to its extension of the duration of active photosynthesis.Potassium may enhance the synthesis of carbohydrate and convertion of single sugar to polysac-charide,and increase the content of reduced-sugar in photosynthetic organs and of starch in the storage organs at heading stage.Potassium has the function of improving sucrase activty and reducing respiration rate,thus increasing the economical coefficient of plants.The experiments also suggested that potassium can increase absobing ability of the root,leading to its greater weight and stronger oxidation activity ine th individual plant,and larger amount and faster rate of nutrient accumulation in the population.