全覆膜栽培技术对盐碱地盐分积累及向日葵产量影响的研究

采用全覆膜、半覆膜等不同地膜覆盖技术,在内蒙古河套灌区盐碱地向日葵上进行了抑制盐分、提高出苗率和产量的田间试验。结果表明,在耕层土壤全盐含量3.5-6.0g/kg的中重度盐碱地上,全覆膜比不覆膜的耕层脱盐率提高44.1%,比传统半覆膜的脱盐率提高14.2百分点;同时比不覆膜和传统半覆膜的向日葵出苗率分别提高45.6百分点和17.7百分点,向日葵产量分别提高183.5%和67.0%,是一项进一步提高盐碱地利用率与作物增产率的有效技术。

Effects of Cultivation Technology of Whole Plastic-Film Mulching on Salt Accumulation and Yield of Sunflower

Using whole plastic-film mulching and half plastic-film mulching technology, the inhibition salinity,raise emergence rate and yield of field experiment of sunflower were conducted in Inner Mongolia Hetao irrigation district. The results strawed that the desalting rate of whole plastic-film mulching more than no plastic-film mulching by 44.1% in the top layer soil of moderately severe saline-alkali land with salt content was 3.5-6.0 g/kg,compared with traditional half plastic-film mulching, its desalination rate increased by 14.2 percentage point. At the same time, compared with no and half film mulching ,the sunflower germination rate increased by 45.6 and 17.7 percentage point respectively, and yield increased by 183.3% and 67.0% respectively, which was an effective technology for further improving use efficiency and crop yield rate in the saline-alkali land.