北京通州不同树种滞纳大气颗粒物的能力

【目的】研究不同树种在单位叶面积上对空气中PM10、PM2.5等颗粒物的吸滞量,可为挑选出更利于吸滞大气颗粒物的树种,降低大气污染程度提供借鉴参考。【方法】以北京通州大运河森林公园内7种常见园林绿化树种为研究对象,应用气溶胶再发生器(QRJZFSQ-I)对植物叶片在自然状态下的PM10、PM2.5的吸滞量进行定量研究,并对叶表面微形态特征进行分析。【结果】在不同试验树种中,对PM2.5的吸滞量均小于对PM10的吸滞量,且单位叶面积吸滞量较小的是毛白杨、榆叶梅,较大的是桧柏、油松。【结论】叶表较粗糙、气孔较多、开度较大的植物吸附颗粒物能力较强。而叶表面光滑、气孔较少或有特殊疏水结构的叶片,颗粒物不易附着,因而吸滞颗粒物的能力较弱。

Study on the atmospheric particulate matter adsorption capacity of different tree species in Tongzhou District of Beijing

Objective] This study aimed to investigate the adsorption capacity of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) including PM10 and PM2.5 per unit leaf area among different tree species,in order to select the tree species with great adsorption capacity,providing reference for reducing air pollution.Method]Seven common tree species in Beijing Tongzhou Grand Canal Forest Park were used as study objects..Using aerosol generator (QRJZFSQ-I),the PM adsorption amount per unit leaf area in the natural state was measured,and the leaf surface micromorphological characteristics was analyzed.Results] For the tree species studied,the adsorption amount of PM2.5 was lower than PM10.Among these seven tree species,white poplar and elm presented the lowest adsorption amounts per unit leaf area,which of cypress and pine were the highest.Conclusion]The tree species whose leaves are rough with high stoma density and large stomatal aperture have strong PM adsorption capacities.On the contrary,since the smooth leaves with low stoma density,small stomatal aperture or special hydrophobic structure are difficult to adhere PM the PM adsorption capacities of these tree species are weak.