水旱条件下不同抗旱型小麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分的差异

在水、旱两种栽培条件下比较了12个不同抗旱型小麦品种籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的差异。结果表明:与灌溉条件相比,旱作栽培对不同抗旱型小麦品种籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量、谷/醇比的影响不同。干旱增加了抗旱性强和中度抗旱品种籽粒清蛋白、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白、总蛋白质含量及谷/醇比,降低了这两类品种的球蛋白含量;干旱降低了抗旱性弱品种籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量和谷/醇比。在水、旱两种栽培条件下比较了3个抗旱性不同的品种籽粒蛋白质及其组分动态变化的差异,结果表明,干旱降低了长治9578籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量,降低了9801-C、山农121籽粒球蛋白含量,增加了9801-C、山农121籽粒清蛋白、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白和总蛋白质含量。且干旱对抗旱性较弱的品种籽粒蛋白质含量的影响较大。

Study on Protein Accumulation in Grains of Wheat Varieties Differing in Drought Tolerance under Irrigated and Dryland Conditions

The protein accumulation in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) grains is seldom studied under dryland condition although it has been widely tested under irrigated conditions.For understanding the grain protein and its components content of wheat varieties with different drought tolerance,12 wheat varieties with different drought tolerance were planted under both irrigated and dryland conditions.From 5 d after anthesis,spikelets and flag leaves were sampled at a 5 d interval for measuring the contents of protein and its components in grains.The results indicated that the contents of protein and its components and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin in grains were affected differently by drought in wheat varieties with different drought tolerance.For the drought-tolerant and drought-moderate varieties,the contents of albumin,gliadin,glutenin,total protein and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin in dryland were higher than those in irrigated land,but the globulin content was lower than that in irrigated land,while for the drought-sensitive varieties,the contents of protein and its components and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin in grains in dryland was lower than that in irrigated land.For understanding the changes in grain protein and its components of wheat varieties with different drought tolerance,3 wheat varieties were planted under both irrigated and dryland conditions.The results indicated that for CZ9578,the contents of grain protein and its components in dryland were lower than those in irrigated land.For 9801-C and SN121,the contents of albumin,gliadin,glutenin,total protein in dryland were higher than those in irrigated land,but the globulin content was lower than that in irrigated land.The effect of drought on grain protein content in the drought-sensitive was greater than that in the drought-tolerant variety.