5个大果沙棘新品种在山西引种试验初期的成活表现

大果沙棘为我国从俄罗斯和蒙古引进的沙棘优良品种,已在我国东北高纬度地区获得较好的引种效果。本研究于2006年在山西(37°30′N,112°35′E)引种栽培了5个大果沙棘品种,目的是观察引种栽培初期的成活表现,研究其适应性特征,为扩大引种栽培区域提供基础依据。试验结果表明,不同沙棘品种的成活率有很大差异。及时除草管理的条件下,壮圆黄、深秋红和无刺丰的成活率分别为75%~85%、62.5%~95%、57.5%~77.5%,绿洲2号和辽阜1号的成活率较低,分别为27.5%~47.5%和20%~37.5%。秋末冬初定植后,用湿润土覆盖苗木地上部分,可提早发芽展叶时间,提高成活率。生长期杂草竞争和虫害对大果沙棘的初期生长表现有很大影响,在大果沙棘的引种栽培中应予以重视。

Survival Performance of Introduced 5 Large-berry Cultivars of Sea-buckthorn in Shanxi Province

Growth of large-berry cultivars of sea-buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.),which introduced from Russia or Mongolia,has shown normal at high-latitude area at northeast ern China.The five large-berry cultivars(Zhuangyuanhuang,Shengqiuhong,Wucifeng,Luzhou2 and Liaofu1) were introduce in Shanxi province(37°30′N,112°35′E) in 2006,which aimed to observe their growth characteristics during the initial introduction period,to research adaptability characteristics,and to provide lases for widenning planting areas.The clear difference in survival rate was found for different cultivars.Zhuangyuanhuang,Shenqiuhong and Wucifeng shown relatively high survival rate,which were 75%~85%,62.5%~95% and 57.5%~77.5%,respectively,while Luzhou2 and Liaofu1 shown relatively low survival rate,with 27.5%~47.5% and 20%~37.5%,respectively.Sprouting was earlier in spring and survival rate was higher in growing season buried stem using damp soil when field planting in late autumn and early winter.The influences of weeds and pests on the large-berry cultivars of sea-buckthorn were serious during initial growth process.Attention to those affects when introducing the large-berry cultivars of sea-buckthorn,should be payed.