新绛县温室蔬菜粉虱的发生及防治

温室粉虱目前已是各国蔬菜和园林植物的主要害虫之一。山西省运城市的新绛县是全国著名的蔬菜无公害生产基地,明确该地区温室蔬菜上粉虱的发生与防治具有重要意义。初步调查结果表明:(1)在温室中,尚未发现烟粉虱的发生;西葫芦、黄瓜、冬茬番茄等蔬菜上温室白粉虱发生较严重;春茬番茄、油菜等蔬菜上温室白粉虱发生一般,甚至不发生;而在豆角、辣椒、甘蓝等蔬菜上未发现温室白粉虱;(2)农民大都采取化学防治,农业防治、物理防治也被采取,但效果一般;由于没有足够的技术和资金,农民的防治也为温室白粉虱的大发生提供生存、繁殖的条件;有些防治方法仍值得推广。本文对该地区温室种植模式以及近年来温室白粉虱爆发的原因作了探讨。

Research on Occurence and Control of Whiteflies in the Greenhouse in Xinjiang of Southern Shanxi Province,China

Whiteflies have beenone of the most important pests in the vegetables and garden plants all over the world. Xinjiang county in southern Shanxi is afamous grow basis for harmless vegetables in China, so it is important to study occurrenceand control ofwhiteflies in the greenhouses. The initial investigation in 2003 showed that Bemisia tabaciwasn't found in any greenhouses . Number of Trialeuridesvaporariorumin cucumber.,vegetable marrow, winter-plant tomato was considerably highin greenhouses. There were some T. vaporariorumin spring-plant tomato cole.Trialeuridesvaporariorumwas not found in pea and cabbage. It also indicated that the farmers have prevented T. vaporariorumby pesticides, sometimes agricultural and physicalmethods ,but have not used biological methods. Howerer ,the efficiencies of these methods were not significant. The unadequate preventions sometimes provided the favorableconditions for existence and reproduction of T. vaporariorumdue to lack of practical methods of technology and sufficient finance, but some preventing methods were effective and need to be extented.In this paper, the horticulture model in greenhouses and reasons for the eruption of T. vaporariorum in this region were also discussed.