北京圆明园遗址公园的发展方向和有效管理

圆明园遗址公园是清朝鼎盛时期的大型皇家园林,由于园林和建筑艺术之精湛,它被誉为是一切造园艺术的典型。近代以来,因屡遭劫难而被破坏,现在只保留有部分当年建筑物的残迹和山形水系形态。关于如何发展和管理,专家和公众争议颇大。笔者认为它既是一个城市公园,也可以说是一个城市保护区,即所谓保护景观,主要任务在于开展生态和文化教育与旅游,展示北京地区丰富多彩的生物多样性和文化多样性的特色和价值。本文就如何进行有效管理,提出了一些建议,供有关方面参考。

The Developmental Direction and Effective Management of the Beijing Yuanmingyuan Relic Park

Yuanmingyuan relic park is a large-scale garden of imperial house in a period of great prosperity of the Qing Dynasty, which is praised as a typical example of all gardening arts, owing to the artic workmanship of the garden and architecture. In the past it was repeatedly destroyed by diverse calamities, and now it only remains relics of partial buildings and scenery with hills, rivulets and lakes in those years. At present, a dispute arouse on how to manage and develop it among experts and publics. We consider both it is an urban park and belongs to the category of urban protected area, so called protected landscape. Main tasks are to develop ecological and cultural education and tourism, and to reveal the characteristics and values of rich and varied biodiversity and cultural diversity in Beijing area. The paper deals with these problems and proposes some suggestions for reference of related aspects.