塔里木盆地果树蚧虫种类、田间识别及生物学特性的研究

在新疆,蚧类是危害果树最严重的害虫,常能造成果树绝产。自2003年起,通过多年调查研究,查明为害环塔里木盆地五地州杏、核桃、巴旦木、红枣、葡萄、石榴、苹果、梨、酸梅、桃、樱桃、李、无花果、、桑和阿月浑子等16种果树的介壳虫共计4科10种,即蚧科5种:吐伦球坚蚧、糖槭蚧、枣球蜡蚧、龟纹蚧、葡萄绵蜡蚧;盾蚧科3种:桑白盾蚧、梨圆蚧、橄榄片盾蚧;粉蚧科1种:葡萄粉蚧;硕蚧科1种:草履硕蚧。明确了上述蚧虫的为害寄主,调查了上述10种主要介壳虫生物学特性以及危害程度,并制定了蚧虫田间识别检索表。

Study on Species, Field Indetification and Biological Characters of Scale Insects in Orchards in Tarim Basin

Scale insects are destructive pests of orchards in Xinjiang.Large numbers of scale insects can totally denude yield of orchards.In Tarim Basin,the species of scale insects in orchards had been studied for several years since 2003.The results showed that there were ten species in four families,which infested the 16 species of orchards(apricot,walnut,almond,jujube,grape,pomegranate,apple,pear,peach,cherry,plum,European plum,fig,quince,mulberry,pistachio): Parthenolecanium corni(Bcuche),Rhodococcus turanicus Arch.,Eulecanium giganteum(Shinji),Eulecaniumn circumfluum Borchs.and Pulvinaria vitis(Linnaeus) belong to Coccidae;Pseudaulacaspis pentagona(Targioni-Tozzetti),Quadraspidiotus perniciosus(Comstock) and Parlatoria oleae(Colvee) belong to Diaspididae;Pseudococcidae has Pseudococus maritimus Ehrhom;Margamdidae has Drosicha corpulenta(Kuwana).At the same time,the biological characters,the infestation and the hosts of the ten scale insects were studied.Based on the data,the field indetification key was formulated.