玛纳斯河流域下游土壤的盐分特征分析

【目的】了解玛纳斯河下游土壤的盐渍化类型及盐分特征,为该地区土壤盐渍化治理及发展提供科学依据。【方法】以冲积洪积扇缘的142团和冲积平原的121团为例,依照Cl-/SO42-的当量比对两种地貌的土壤进行分类,并利用SPSS13.0软件对土壤可溶性离子进行统计及相关性分析。【结果】两种地貌的土壤盐分在表层存在差异,142团0~40 cm属氯化物-硫酸盐或硫酸盐-氯化物类型,121团则属于氯化物类型。两种土壤的含水率都随土层深度的增加而增加,电导率则相反。通过对各离子变异系数的比较发现,属于强变异性的有142团的CO32-与Cl-,以及121团的CO32-;两种地貌土壤pH变异系数都低于10%,属于弱变异性;其他离子变异系数都为中等变异。142团的土壤可溶性盐与土壤含水率关系密切,121团则与土壤pH的关系较为紧密。【结论】玛纳斯河冲积扇扇缘至冲积平原的表层土壤盐分是由氯化物-硫酸盐为主过渡至氯化物为主。不同地貌下的土壤含水率、pH以及可溶性盐分离子之间确实存在着不同程度的差异性与相关性。

The Characteristics of Soil Salinity in Downstream Manas River

【Objective】 To get a better understanding of the soil salinization types and characteristics of the salinity in downstream Manas River,and provide scientific basis for the control of soil salinization and the development of the area.【Method】 Taking Regiment 142 situated at the fringe of the alluvial fan Regiment 121 situated at the alluvial plain as cases,the soil was classified by Cl-/SO42-equivalent.SPSS17.0 was used to conduct statistical and correlation analysis for soil soluable ions.【Result】The results show that the salinity of the two kinds of landform have differences in soil surface,Regiment 142 is chloride-sulfate or sulfate-chloride type in 0-40 cm,Regiment 121 belongs to chloride type.Both of their soil moisture content increased with soil depth,but the electrical conductivity is in the opposite direction.Comparison of the ion coefficient of variation revealed that there are strong variability on CO32 of Regiment 142,Cl-of Regiment 142,and CO32-of Regiment 121,the coefficient of variation of pH are both below 10%,which are weak variability,other ion coefficients of variance are moderate variation.Soil soluble salts have close relation with soil moisture in Regiment 142,while in Regiment 121,it has close relation with pH value.【Conclusion】 The surface salinity from Manas River alluvial fan fringe to the alluvial plain,is from chloride-sulfate-based transition to chloride-based.The soil moisture,the pH and soluble salt ions do exist the different correlation in different landscapes.