粉煤灰对加工番茄生长与养分吸收的影响及对春小麦残效研究

【目的】揭示石灰性土壤施用碱性粉煤灰与作物生长和元素吸收的关系。【方法】分别以加工番茄和春小麦为材料,采用盆栽试验研究干旱区灌耕灰漠土施用粉煤灰对加工番茄生长及养分吸收的影响,并以春小麦为二茬作物研究粉煤灰的残效作用。【结果】施用粉煤灰可以增加加工番茄地上部干物质量,同时增加花期叶片氮含量,减少茎秆和叶片磷含量;但是增加收获期叶片氮、磷、钾的含量。同时施用粉煤灰增加加工番茄花期茎秆、叶片和植株整体的氮、钾的积累量,而减少加工番茄茎秆、叶片和植株整体磷的积累量;施用粉煤灰增加加工番茄收获期茎秆、叶片和植株的氮、磷、钾的积累量。残效试验表明,与对照相比,粉煤灰残效显著提高春小麦地上部干物质量,减少春小麦花期茎秆和叶片氮、磷、钾含量;22.50 t/hm2粉煤灰残效增加春小麦收获期茎秆和叶片的氮、磷、钾含量。粉煤灰残效增加春小麦花期茎秆、叶片和植株氮和钾积累量和叶片、植株磷的积累量;增加春小麦收获期茎秆,叶片和植株氮、磷、钾积累量。粉煤灰及其残效作用增加土壤pH值和电导率。【结论】使用粉煤灰可以增加收获期加工番茄和春小麦地上部干物质积累量和氮、磷、钾积累量,同时增加土壤pH值和电导率。

Effect of Coal Fly Ash on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Processing Tomato and Its Residual Effect on Spring Wheat

【Objective】The objective of the present study is to elucidate nutrient uptake in processing tomato and the residual effect of fly ash on spring wheat grown in a gray desert soil in an arid region-Xinjiang.【Method】Pot experiments were conducted with processing tomato as the first crop and spring wheat as the second crop to study the effect of coal fly ash applied at different rates on plant growth and nutrient uptake.【Result】The results showed that application of coal fly ash could increase the shoot dry weight of processing tomato, and the foliar N content,but decreased the foliar and stem P content at the flowing stage.However,coal fly ash could increase the foliar N,P and K content at the harvest stage.Coal fly ash increased the foliar,stem and plant N and K accumulation,but decreased the foliar,stem and plant P accumulation at the flowing stage;In contrast,coal fly ash increased the foliar,stem and plant N,P and K accumulation at the harvest stage.Furthermore,significant residual effect of coal fly ash was observed in spring wheat used as a second crop.Compared with the control,shoot dry weight of spring wheat was significantly increased with foliar and stem N,P,and K content reduced at flowing stage.In the harvest stage,applying fly ash at the rate of 22.5 t/hm2 significantly increased foliar and stem N,P,and K content in spring wheat compared with the control.Application of coal fly ash increased the foliar,stem and plant N and K accumulation, decreased the foliar P accumulation and increased the stem and plant P accumulation compared with the control at the flowing stage;However,application of coal fly ash increased the foliar,stem and plant N,P and K accumulation at the harvest stage.Coal fly ash increased the soil pH and soil electrical conductivity.【Conclusion】 Application of coal fly ash increased the shoot dry weight of processing tomato and spring wheat and plant N,P,K accumulation at the harvest stage,and increased the soil pH and soil electrical conductivity.