几种钾肥在新疆葡萄上的应用效果研究

【目的】通过田间小区试验,研究几种钾肥在新疆葡萄上的应用效果。【方法】在氮、磷肥用量相同的基础上,在南北疆葡萄上施用不同种类的钾肥,探讨葡萄产量和品质与钾肥的关系。【结果】施用钾肥改善了葡萄品质,VC含量大幅增加,总糖略有上升,而酸度有所降低。北疆试验各处理的葡萄产量差异均未达到显著水平,但在葡萄上施用钾肥均有不同程度的增产效果,增幅为3.49%~8.92%,氯化钾型钾肥增产效果优于硫酸钾型钾肥;南疆葡萄施用钾肥增产效果优于北疆,增产幅度在14.35%~29.39%,处理间产量差异达到显著水平,硫酸钾型钾肥较氯化钾肥对木纳格葡萄的增产效果要好。北疆施用不同钾肥的增收幅度为1 850~5384元/hm2,氯化钾型钾肥增收效果好于硫酸钾型钾肥;南疆获得的经济效益好于北疆,葡萄增收幅度为7 409~15 441元/hm2,硫酸钾型钾肥的增收效果优于氯化钾型钾肥。【结论】北疆宜施用氯化钾型钾肥,南疆宜施用硫酸类钾肥。

Study on the Effect of Applying Varieties of Potassium on Grapes in Xinjiang

【Objective】The effects of applying different potassium fertilizers on grapes were studied through plot field experiment.【Method】Applying different types of potassium fertilizers on grapes with the same amount of nitrogen and phosphorus application in northern and southern Xinjiang,discussing the relationship between grape yield and quality with different types of K fertilizers.【Result】Results showed that applying potassium fertilizers improved grape quality,there is a substantial increase in vitamin C content,and total sugar increased slightly,while the acidity is reduced.Grape yield of different experimental treatments were not significantly different in northern Xinjiang,however,there is a different range of increase in yields after applying different potassium fertilizer on grapes,and yields increased by 3.49%-8.92%,chloride-type K fertilizer has better yield increase effect than sulfate-type K fertilizer;the yield increase effects of potassium fertilizer application on grapes in southern Xinjiang is better than in northern Xinjiang,and yields increased by 14.35%-29.39%,yield of different experimental treatments were significantly different,the effects of applying sulfate-type K fertilizer on increasing Munage grape yield is better than applying chloride-type K fertilizer.The range of increased income of applying different potassium fertilizer on grape was 1 850-5 384 yuan/hm2 in northern Xinjiang,and chloride-type K fertilizer is better than sulfate-type K fertilizer;the economic benefits of southern Xinjiang grape is better than that of northern Xinjiang,the range of increased income of applying different potassium fertilizer on grape was between 7 409~15 441 yuan/hm2,and the effects of applying sulfate-type K fertilizer on increasing income is better than applying chloride-type K fertilizer.【Conclusion】Applying chloride-type K fertilizer is fit for northern Xinjiang,and applying sulfate-type K fertilizer is fit for southern Xinjiang.