保温被揭盖方式对日光温室内部温度的影响

【目的】研究保温被揭盖方式对日光温室内部温度的影响，基于温室内部不同位置光照的需求建立保温被精准揭盖位置模型，提出一种逐时揭盖保温被的新方法。【方法】采用计算流体动力学(CFD)瞬态模型分析不同的揭盖方式下大寒、春分节气温室内部空气温度变化。【结果】按照温室规格1∶1建立日光温室CFD模型，所建立模型决定系数在0.91～0.92。选取大寒、春分2个节气分析，在光照完全照射墙体时逐时揭盖分别比传统一次性揭盖温室内部温度提高0.03和2.49℃;在光照完全照射地面时，逐时揭盖分别传统一次性揭盖温度提高0.55和0.9℃;在光照完全照射作物层时，逐时揭盖分别传统一次性揭盖温度提高0.53和0.62℃。【结论】逐时揭盖对较为严寒的大寒日前后提高温度不明显，全体平均气温最大提高了0.56℃;在春分日逐时揭盖方式全天平均温度最大可提高2.49℃。寒冷季节下，揭盖方式对温度的影响不大，可增大保温被揭起角获取更多的光照，在春分节气可减小揭起角以增加温室内部的温度。

Effects of Thermal Insulation Cover Methods on Internal Temperature of Chinese Solar Greenhouse

【Objective】 Effects of thermal insulation cover methods on internal temperature of Chinese solar greenhouse.This project established a model of the precise uncovering position of the insulation based on the demand of light at different locations inside the greenhouse.【Method】 Proposes a new method of uncovering and covering the insulation on a time-by-time basis.At the same time, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) transient model was used to analyze the change of air temperature inside the greenhouse under different uncovering methods in the Major Cold and spring equinox.【Result】 In this project, the CFD model of Chinese solar greenhouse was established according to the greenhouse specification 1∶1, and the coefficient of determination of the established model was between 0.91-0.92.Two Solar Terms were selected for analysis, namely the cold and the equinox.When the light completely irradiated the wall, the time-by-time uncovering increases the internal temperature of the greenhouse by 0.03℃ and 2.49℃, respectively compared with the traditional one-time uncovering and covering; when the light completely irradiated the ground, the time-by-time uncovering and covering increases the temperature by 0.55℃ and 0.9℃, respectively compared with the traditional one-time uncovering and covering; when the light completely irradiated the crop layer, the time-by-time uncovering and covering increased the temperature by 0.53℃ and 0.62℃, respectively compared with the traditional one-time uncovering.【Conclusion】 The increase in temperature of time by time uncovering and covering on the more severe cold days during the Major Cold period was not obvious, the maximum increase in the average temperature of the whole 0.56℃; around the vernal equinox time by time uncovering and covering way all day average temperature can be increased by a maximum of 2.49℃.In the cold season, the uncovering and covering methods have little effect on the temperature, and the opening angle of the insulation can be increased to obtain more solar radiation.In the spring equinox, the opening angle can be reduced to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse.