硫红霉素菌渣有机肥对大豆土壤中耐药菌及相关抗性基因的影响

【目的】研究硫红霉素菌渣有机肥施用后对大豆农田土壤中耐药菌及相关抗性基因丰度的影响，为硫红霉素菌渣有机肥施用生物安全性评价提供科学依据。【方法】检测不同菌渣有机肥施用量下，大豆不同生长时期土壤中耐药细菌的数量和种类，并采用荧光定量PCR方法检测相关抗性基因(ARGs)污染水平，分析菌渣有机肥施用对耐药菌及相关抗性基因的影响。【结果】大豆苗期土壤中各类细菌数量大于结果期，苗期样品中土壤细菌总数、硫红霉素抗性菌数显著高于对照组，而青霉素、头孢拉定抗性菌株数与对照组差异不显著。在结果期样品中，施加了硫红霉素药渣有机肥的土壤中各类菌落总数与对照组差异不显著。所获得14株硫红霉素耐药菌菌株分布于11个菌属，其中假节杆菌属、芽胞杆菌属、类谷氨酸杆菌属菌株数占总菌株数的比例最高，25株青霉素耐药菌菌株分布于7个菌属，其中链霉菌属菌株数最高。12株头孢拉定耐药菌分布于5个菌属，其中假单胞菌属菌株数占比例达到50.00%。施用硫红霉素菌渣有机肥对土壤中常见ARGs的绝对丰度和相对丰度有一定的影响，但影响不显著。【结论】硫红霉素菌渣有机肥施用后对作物土壤中ARGs水平没有显著影响。

Effect of Organic Fertilizer of Thioerythromycin Residue on Soybean Soil Drug-resistant Bacteria and Their Resistance Genes

【Objective】 To explore the effect of thioerythromycin residue organic fertilizer on the abundance of drug-resistant bacteria and related resistance genes in soybean farmland soil, and provide a scientific basis for the biosafety evaluation of the fertilizer. 【Methods】 By detecting the number and species of drug-resistant bacteria in soil in different growth stages of soybean under different application rates of bacterial residue organic fertilizer, and detecting the pollution level of related resistance genes (args) by fluorescence quantitative PCR, the effects of bacterial residue organic fertilizer on drug-resistant bacteria and related resistance genes were analyzed. 【Results】 The total number of soil bacteria and the number of thioerythromycin resistant bacteria in soybean seedling stage were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the number of penicillin and Cefradine resistant bacteria was not significantly different from the control group.In the result period, there was no significant difference between the total number of various colonies in the soil with thioerythromycin residue organic fertilizer and the control group.The obtained 14 strains of thioerythromycin resistant bacteria were distributed in 11 genera, of which pseudoarthrobacteria, bacillus and glutamate like bacteria accounted for the highest proportion in the total number of bacteria, and 25 strains of penicillin resistant bacteria were distributed in 7 genera, of which Streptomyces had the highest number.12 strains of cefradine resistant bacteria were distributed in 5 genera, of which Pseudomonas was the highest, accounting for 50.00% of the total.The application of thioerythromycin residue organic fertilizer had a certain effect on the absolute and relative abundance of common args in soil, but the effect was not significant. 【Conclusion】 The application of thioerythromycin residue organic fertilizer has no significant effect on the level of args in crop soil.