不同灌溉定额对膜下滴灌水稻耗水特征及水分生产效率的影响

【目的】研究膜下滴灌水稻不同水分处理对耗水特征和水分生产效率的影响。【方法】2017年设置5个灌溉定额,对比分析不同水分处理下水稻产量、各生育期耗水量。【结果】W₅处理(灌溉定额910.00 mm)的水稻产量比其他处理分别增加21.95%~458.43%。膜下滴灌水稻全生育期5个水分处理的耗水强度分别为3.75~7.14 mm/d。随着灌水量减少叶面积衰减指数逐渐增大,叶片表现出早衰特征,株高受到灌水量抑制。W₅处理与其他处理水分生产率相比分别提高7.61%~193.06%。生育阶段耗水强度变化规律为拔节孕穗期＞抽穗扬花期＞灌浆期＞分蘖期＞成熟期＞苗期。【结论】水稻全生育期适宜灌溉定额910.00 mm,在拔节孕穗期、分蘖期2个关键需水期,满足水稻水分需求。

Effects of Different Irrigation Quotas on Water Consumption Characteristics and Water Production Efficiency of Rice under Film Drip Irrigation

【Objective】 To study the effects of different water treatments on water consumption characteristics and water production efficiency of rice under film drip irrigation. 【Methods】 Five irrigation quotas were set in 2017 to compare rice yield and water consumption in different growth stages under different water treatments. 【Results】 The yield of W₅ treatment (Irrigation quota 910.00 mm) was increased by 21.95%- 458.43% compared with other treatments. The water consumption intensities of five water treatments were 3.75 - 7.14 mm /d in the whole growth period of rice under mulch drip irrigation. With the decrease of irrigation amount, the leaf area attenuation index increased gradually, the leaf showed premature senescence characteristics, and the plant height was inhibited by irrigation. Compared with other water treatments, the productivity of 7.61%-193.00% was increased. The change rule of water consumption intensity in growth stage was jointing and booting stage > heading and flowering stage > filling stage > tillering stage > mature stage > seedling stage. 【Conclusion】 Considering the water-saving and high-efficiency planting of drip irrigation rice, the suitable irrigation quota for the whole growth period of rice is 910.00 mm, which can meet the water demand of rice in the two key water demand periods of jointing booting stage and tillering stage.