不同生育期成龄灰枣树茎流速率与气象因子的关系

【目的】在微喷灌的灌溉方式下,研究不同天气和不同气象因子条件下成龄灰枣树的茎流速率,精准测定出成龄枣树的耗水量,为优化枣树的土壤水分管理提供生产指导。【方法】采用针式茎流计,连续监测灰枣树茎流速率,分析枣树的茎流速率受不同天气和气象因子的影响程度。【结果】晴天和阴天茎流速率的波动变化过程呈倒“U”型的单峰曲线,而多云天气下呈“M”型的双峰曲线。1 d中枣树的茎流累积趋势呈“S”变化,各生育期耗水量大小排序为果实膨大期>成熟期>花期>萌芽展叶期。只有成熟期枣树的茎流速率与空气温度相关程度最高,其余都是太阳辐射。各生育期太阳辐射与枣树茎流速率的相关系数R_D1=0.964^**、R_D2=0.969^**、R_D3=0.957^**和R_D4=0.886^**。利用多元线性回归在枣树的各生育期内对茎流速率和气象因子进行输入回归,建立不同天气条件下,各生育期枣树茎流速率和气象因子的多元线性回归模型,经过回归系数和相关系数检验,各生育期的多元线性回归方程均达到了显著水平。【结论】各生育期内,典型天气的茎流速率排序为晴天>多云>阴天,整个生育期中的需水关键期是果实膨大期,对枣树的茎流速率产生最大影响的气象因子是太阳辐射和空气温度。

Relationship Between Stem Flow Rate and Meteorological Factors in Different Growth Periods of Mature Grey Jujube

【Objective】 Under the condition of micro sprinkler irrigation, the stem flow rate of mature jujube under different weather and different meteorological factors was studied, and the water consumption of mature jujube was accurately measured, which provided practical guidance for optimizing soil water management of jujube.【Methods】 The stem flow rate of jujube was continuously monitored by the needle type stem flow meter, and the influence degree of different weather and meteorological factors on the stem flow rate of jujube was analyzed.【Results】 The fluctuating process of stem flow rate in sunny and cloudy days presented an inverted "U" shaped single peak curve, while in cloudy days it presented an "M" shaped double peak curve. The cumulative trend of stem flow of jujube in a day was "S" change, and the order of water consumption in each growth period was: fruit enlargement >fruit maturity > flowering > Leaf bud stage. The correlation between stem flow rate and air temperature is the highest in mature period, and the rest is solar radiation. The correlation coefficients R_D1= 0.964^**, R_D2 =0.969^**, R_D3= 0.957^** and R_D4=0.886^** between solar radiation and stem flow rate of jujube in different growth period. Using multiple linear regression to input regression of stem flow rate and meteorological factors in different growth period of jujube, a multiple linear regression model of stem flow rate and meteorological factors in different growth period of jujube was established under different weather conditions. Through the test of regression coefficient and correlation coefficient, the multiple linear regression equation in each growth period reached a significant level.【Conclusion】 In different growth period, the order of stem flow rate in typical weather is sunny > cloudy > dark. The key period of water demand in the whole growth period is fruit enlargement period. Solar radiation and air temperature are the most important meteorological factors that affect the stem flow rate of jujube.