天山北坡野生无芒雀麦群落特征研究

目的 研究天山北坡野生无芒雀麦群落特征,分析该种质资源在新疆草地群落中的地位与作用。方法 以新疆天山北坡西段、中段和东段的5个地区为对象,采用野外取样的方法,分种测定5个地区3个海拔梯度下的无芒雀麦群落特征。结果 (1)无芒雀麦主要与禾本科、豆科植物混生,重要值在天山北坡中段、低海拔区域较大。(2)物种多样性从天山北坡西段至东段,呈现先增加后减少的趋势,地区内随海拔升高呈现增加趋势,但在地区间、地区内差异均不显著。(3)群落数量特征在地区间存在较小差异,无芒雀麦相对数量特征从西至东呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在中段地区最高。而地区内无芒雀麦相对群落数量特征不存在差异性。结论 不同地区群落中无芒雀麦地位相差不大,天山北坡中段地区的群落中无芒雀麦相对盖度、密度和地上生物量高于其他地区,物种多样性更加丰富。随海拔的升高,群落物种增加,无芒雀麦的重要地位逐渐降低,无芒雀麦在群落中相对数量特征变化不大。

Community Characteristics of Bromus inermis on the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains

Objective To study the characteristics of wild Bromus inermis community on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains and reveal the status and role of the germplasm resources in grassland communities in Xinjiang.Method The five regions of the western, central and eastern sections of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang were taken as the research object, the field sampling method was used to determine the characteristics of the Bromus inermis community under three altitude gradients in five regions.Result (1) The Bromus inermis was mainly mixed with gramineae and legumes. The important value was larger in the middle section of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain and in the low altitude area.(2) The species diversity increased first and then decreased from the western part of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains to the eastern part of Tianshan Mountains, and increased with the increase of altitude in the region, but there was no significant difference among the regions. (3) There were small differences in the number of community characteristics between the regions. The relative quantitative characteristics of Bromus inermis increased first and then decreased from west to east, and highest in the middle part of the region. However, there was no difference in the relative population characteristics of Bromus inermis in the region.Conclusion There is no significant difference in the status of Bromus inermis in different communities in different areas. The relative coverage, density and aboveground biomass of the Bromus inermis in the middle part of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains were higher than those in other areas, and the species diversity was more abundant. With the increase of altitude, the species of the community increased, and the important position of Bromus inermis decreased gradually. The relative quantitative characteristics of Bromus inermis in the community did not change much.