新疆冬小麦品种萌发期耐盐性综合评价及耐盐种质的筛选

【目的】研究不同类型盐胁迫对新疆冬小麦萌发期的影响,并进行耐盐性综合评价,为新疆小麦萌发期耐盐品种的评价和指标筛选提供理论依据。【方法】测定76份新疆冬小麦品种(系)在NaCl和NaCl∶Na₂SO₄两种不同盐胁迫条件下小麦根数、最长根长、苗高、胚芽鞘长度、发芽势、发芽率等6个性状,利用隶属函数法并通过聚类分析分别对两种盐胁迫条件下冬小麦品种(系)的耐盐性进行筛选,综合评价和筛选新疆冬小麦耐盐性。【结果】与对照处理相比,NaCl和NaCl∶Na₂SO₄两种盐胁迫对新疆冬小麦品种(系)各性状均有明显的抑制作用,其中NaCl单盐胁迫对各性状抑制作用比NaCl∶Na₂SO₄混合盐胁迫抑制程度更大。通过NaCl单盐胁迫条件下聚类分析,新疆冬小麦品种(系)按耐盐性强弱可分为高耐型(6个/占供试材料的7.89%)、耐盐型(15个/19.74%)、中耐型(16个/21.05%)、敏感性(18个/23.68%)和高敏感型(21个/27.63%)等5类。NaCl∶Na₂SO₄混合盐胁迫条件下聚类分析,新疆冬小麦品种(系)按耐盐性强弱也可分为高耐型(13个/占供试材料的17.11%)、耐盐型(10个/13.16%)、中耐型(16个/21.05%)、敏感性(26个/34.21%)和高敏感型(11个/14.47%)等5类。获得高耐NaCL单盐胁迫的品种(系)6份,占供试品种的7.89%;高耐NaCl∶Na₂SO₄混合盐胁迫的品种(系)13份,占供试品种的17.11%。【结论】两种盐胁迫条件下,350 mol/L浓度对小麦种子的萌发有抑制作用,NaCl单盐胁迫和NaCl∶Na₂SO₄混合盐胁迫均为高耐型的品种3份,均是自育品种和引进品种分别为石冬8号、洛夫林10号和新冬7号。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of Winter Wheat Cultivars and Screening of Salt Tolerant Germplasm in Xinjiang at Germination Stage

【Objective】 To study the effects of different types of salt stress on the germination period of winter wheat in Xinjiang and carry out the comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the evaluation and selection of salt-tolerant varieties in wheat germination period in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 In this study, the root number, the longest root length, seedling height, coleoptile length, germination potential, germination rate, etc. of 76 varieties (lines) of Xinjiang winter wheat under two different salt stress conditions of NaCl and NaCl∶Na₂SO₄ were determined, thus comprehensively evaluating and screening the salt tolerance of winter wheat in Xinjiang. 【Results and Conclusion】 The results showed that compared with the control treatment, NaCl and NaCl∶Na₂SO₄ had significant inhibitory effects on the traits of Xinjiang winter wheat cultivars (lines), and NaCl single salt stress inhibited each trait than that of NaCl∶Na₂SO₄ mixed salt More stress suppression. According to the cluster analysis under NaCl single salt stress,Xinjiang winter wheat varieties (lines) can be divided into high tolerance type (6/accounting for 7.89% of the tested materials) and salt tolerance type (15/19.74) according to the salt tolerance, medium resistant (16 / 21.05%),sensitive (18/23.68%) and highly sensitive (21/27.63%).Cluster analysis of NaCl∶Na₂SO₄ mixed salt stress, Xinjiang winter wheat varieties (lines) can be divided into high tolerance type (13/accounting for 17.11% of the tested materials) and salt tolerance type (10/13.16%) according to the salt tolerance, medium resistant (16/21.05%), sensitive (26/34.21%) and highly sensitive (11 / 14.47%) and other five categories. The salt tolerance of winter wheat cultivars (lines) under two salt stress conditions was screened by membership function method and cluster analysis. The varieties with high NaCl tolerance were obtained 6 copies, accounting for 7.89% of the tested varieties. There were 13 varieties (lines) with high NaCl-tolerant Na₂SO₄ mixed salt stress, accounting for 17.11% of the tested varieties; and 3 varieties with high tolerance type under NaCl single salt stress and NaCl∶Na₂SO₄ mixed salt stress, both were from The breeding varieties and introduced varieties are Shidong 8, Luofulin10 and Xindong 7.This study provides excellent germplasm resources for the breeding of new salt-tolerant wheat varieties in Xinjiang.