调教训练对1000 m速步赛伊犁马血气指标的影响

【目的】 研究调教训练对1 000 m速步赛伊犁马血气指标的影响,为国产速步赛马调教训练方案的制定提供数据参考。【方法】 选取8匹健康伊犁马母马为试验对象,速步专项训练2个月,在训练开始前和训练结束后分别组织速步测试赛,采集运动前、运动后即刻及运动后15 min马匹血液样本,测定样本血气指标,对运动前、运动后即刻及运动后15 min测定指标进行差异性分析,对训练前和训练后测定指标进行独立样本T检验。【结果】 调教训练前,1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马血液pH值运动后即刻极显著低于运动后15 min(P<0.01),HCO^-₃浓度、剩余碱浓度运动后即刻极显著低于运动前(P<0.05),PCO₂和TCO₂运动后即刻极显著低于运动前(P<0.01)Hct和Hb浓度运动后即刻极显著高于运动前(P<0.01),显著高于运动后15 min(P<0.05);调教训练后,1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马血液pH值运动后即刻显著低于运动前和运动后15 min(P<0.05),Na⁺浓度在运动后即刻显著高于运动前(P<0.05);Hct和Hb浓度在运动后即刻显著高于运动后15 min(P<0.05)。通过对调教训练前和调教训练后对比发现,1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马调教训练前、后静脉血液剩余碱浓度运动后即刻调教训练后显著高于调教训练前(P<0.05),PCO₂在运动后15 min调教训练前显著低于调教训练后(P<0.05),Hb浓度在运动后15 min调教训练前极显著高于调教训练后(P<0.01),Hct在运动后15 min调教训练前显著高于调教训练后(P<0.05)。【结论】 综上所述,调教训练后能够增强1 000 m速歩赛伊犁马酸碱平衡能力、气体交换能力及血液运输能力,有效降低马匹在运动过程中的机体损伤。

Effects of Training on Blood Gas Indexes of Yili Horse in 1,000 m Speed Race

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to study the influence of training on the blood gas indexes of Yili horse in 1,000 m speed race in the hope of providing data reference for the formulation of domestic speed step horse race training scheme.【Method】 healthy female Yili horse were selected as the experimental subjects. Through the special speed step training for 2 months, the speed-step test competitions were organized before and after the training, and the blood sample and its blood gas indexes of horses were collected and determined before, immediately after the exercise and at 15 min after the exercise. The differences of measurement indexes before, immediately after the exercise and at 15 min after the exercise were analyzed, and the independent sample T test was carried out before and after training. 【Results】 The results showed that before training, the blood pH value of Yili horse in 1 000 m speed race immediately after exercise was significantly lower than that of 15 min after exercise(P<0.01), the concentration of HCO^-₃ and beecf immediately after exercise was significantly lower than that before exercise (P<0.05), and the concentration of Hct and Hb immediately after exercise was significantly lower than that before exercise(P<0.01), and significantly higher than that of 15 min after exercise(P<0.05). After training, the blood pH value of Yili horse in 1,000 m trotter immediately after exercise was significantly lower than that before exercise and the concentration of Na⁺ at 15 minutes after exercise was significantly higher than that before exercise(P<0.05), and the concentration of Hct and Hb was significantly higher than that of 15 min immediately after exercise(P<0.05). Through the comparison between before and after the training, it was found that the concentration of beecf in venous blood before and after Yili horse in 1,000 m trotter training immediately after training was significantly higher than that before training(P<0.05). As for 15 min after the exercise, PCO₂ before training was significantly lower than that after training, Hb concentration before 15 min training after exercise was significantly higher than that after training(P<0.05), and Hct before training was significantly higher than that after training(P<0.01)【Conclusion】 To sum up, training could enhance the acid-base balance, gas exchange and blood transport capacity of Yili horse in 1,000 m speed race, and effectively reduce the body damage of horses during exercise.