日光温室主动采光对不同种植密度番茄光合特性的影响

【目的】研究日光温室在主动采光与普通采光条件下,对其环境以及番茄叶片光合特性的影响。【方法】在主动采光与普通采光的2种日光温室内,设计4、6、8 株/m² 3种不同的番茄种植密度处理,连续3 d(晴天的条件)测得日光温室环境与番茄叶片光合作用的相关数据。【结果】主动采光日光温室环境温湿度、光照辐射方面优于非主动采光日光温室,主动采光日光温室的光照辐射均值较普通采光日光温室在3 d内分别高出了4.39%、5.85%、5.67%;两栋日光温室番茄的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率呈现随着密度的增加而减弱的现象,胞间CO₂浓度则相反;就不同采光日光温室而言,主动采光日光温室番茄的光合特性较普通采光日光温室高。【结论】日光温室主动采光在环境以及番茄光合特性方面均优越于普通采光日光温室。

Effects of Active Daylighting in Solar Greenhouses on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tomatoes with Different Planting Densities

【Objective】 To study the effects of solar greenhouse under the conditions of active daylighting and ordinary daylighting to its environment and photosynthetic characteristics of tomatoes that planted in it.【Method】 In this experiment, three different planting densities were designed, which were 4 plants/m², 6 plants/m², and 8 plants/m², and tomatoes were planted into two kinds of solar greenhouses, which were active daylighting solar greenhouse and ordinary daylighting solar greenhouse. The data of solar greenhouses' environment and tomato leaves' photosynthesis characteristics were measured within three days in a row of sunny conditions.【Result】 The results showed that the temperature, humidity and daylight radiation of the active daylighting solar greenhouse were better than those in the ordinary daylighting solar greenhouse. The average daylight radiation of the active daylighting solar greenhouse was 4.39%, 5.85%, 5.67% higher than those of the ordinary daylighting solar greenhouse within three days. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of tomato in two solar greenhouses decreased with the increase of planting densities, but the intercellular CO₂ concentration was the opposite. As for different daylighting solar greenhouses, the photosynthetic characteristics of tomato that were planted in active daylighting solar greenhouse were better than those planted in ordinary daylighting solar greenhouses.【Conclusion】 Active daylighting in solar greenhouses is superior to ordinary daylighting solar greenhouses in terms of environment and tomato photosynthetic characteristics.