新疆5个栽培杏品种雌蕊败育率调查

目的]了解新疆南疆杏品种花的败育率,探索杏的败育机理,克服生产中杏败育的现象.方法]在此过程中调查奎克皮曼等5个杏品种果树不同部位、不同长度枝的雌蕊败育情况.结果](1)5个供试品种的败育率在6.04; ～99.64;.其中依力克大杏的雌蕊败育率最高,为99.64;,克孜佳娜丽最低,为6.04;.奎克皮曼和大果杏雌蕊败育率差异表现不显著,除此之外,不同品种间雌蕊败育率差异均十分显著.(2)5个品种中,依力克大杏上部、中部、下部雌蕊败育率差异不显著；黄胡安娜、克孜佳娜丽都是中部与上部、下部雌蕊败育率差异不显著,而上部与下部雌蕊败育率差异显著；奎克皮曼、大果杏的上、中、下部雌蕊败育率差异都十分显著.(3)5个品种中,不同果枝发育的花败育率比例不同.奎克皮曼、依力克大杏、黄胡安娜3个品种的雌蕊败育率呈现出相同的趋势,即败育率长果枝＞中果枝＞短果枝.结论]不同品种对杏花败育率的影响比不同部位对杏花败育率的影响大；杏树品种及部位对雌蕊败育率的影响是极显著的.

Investigation of Pistil Abortion Rate of Five Apricot Cultivars in Xinjiang

Objective]This test was aiming at investigation of flower fertility of apricot cultivars in Xinjiang for exploring the mechanism of sterility and overcoming the phenomenon of pistil abortion.Method] In this process,pistil abortion rate(PAR) of different parts and different branches in 5 apricot cultivars from Luntai National Fruit Germplasm Resource Garden was investigated.Result]The results showed that(1 ) PAR of 5 cultivars were between 6.04～99.64%,PAR in Yilikedaxing was the highest with 99.64%and that in Kezijianali was the lowest with 6.04%.The PAR between Kuikepiman and Daguoxing had no significant difference.In addition,PAR between the different cultivars were very significant.(2) In the five cultivars, PAR in Yilikedaxing had no significant difference in different parts of tree body;PAR in Huanghuanna and Kezijianali had some significant difference between top and low parts;PAR in Kuikepiman and Daguoxing had great significant in different parts of tree body.(3) In the five cultivars,the PAR of apricot flower from different branches was different.The PAR in Kuikepiman,Yilikedaxing,Huanghuanna showed the same trend,which the PAR of long fruit branch was higher than the PAR of medium fruit branch and the PAR of short fruit branch was the lowest.Conclusion]In conclusion the effect on PAR was higher in cultivars than in position of tree body and impact of two factors on the PAR was very significant.