塔里木马鹿车尔臣河种群栖息地现状及影响因素分析

采用地理信息系统(GIS)分析方法对车尔臣河下游马鹿塔里木亚种(Cervus elaphus Yarkandensis)栖息地现状及影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,在车尔臣河下游马鹿塔里木亚种栖息地面积为1 758.485 km2,包括湿生芦苇、旱生芦苇、水体、盐碱地、柽柳密灌丛等5种类型。根据马鹿对栖息地的利用频率,把栖息地分为适宜区、次适宜区和不适宜区等三种类型,其中不适宜区面积占总面积的50.69%,次适宜区为36.64%。同时发现该地区影响马鹿栖息地的主要因素是人类活动,特别是近年来的芦苇开发利用严重破坏其生存空间导致栖息地的破碎化,从而使马鹿种群数量不断下降。

Analysis on the Current Status of the Habitat of Tarim Red Deer and Its Influencing Factor in the Qarqan River

In this paper, a GIS model was used to study the present habitat characteristics of the Tarim red deer in the lower reaches of the Qarqan River. The result shows that the total area of Tarim red deer habitat is 1758.485 km^2, including Hygremorphism bulrush, Xeromorphy bulrush , Water body, Salt land and Tamarix scrub. At the same time, the habitat was divided into three types, according to the activity trace of red deer. Among them unsuitable habitat occupied 50.69 % of the total area, less suitable area occupied 36.64% and suitable habitat area occupied 12.67%. The key factor reducing the habitat of the red deer in this area is human activity, especially the bulrush has been greatly developed to be planted.