牛粪常温厌氧发酵特性的试验研究

目的]探求较低温度下厌氧发酵的变化规律,为提高厌氧发酵效率提供科学数据.方法]利用固体发酵罐,采集呼图壁西域春奶牛场的鲜牛粪为常温厌氧发酵的原料,以容器体积的1/4原料量进行39 d的厌氧发酵,并对发酵前后牛粪常规理化指标进行了检测分析.结果]常温厌氧发酵从第7 d开始产气,第31 d停止产气,总产气量是3 893 mL,第26 d时沼气的日产气量相对最高,达730 mL/d;外界温度和pH是影响产气量的主要因素,其中堆体中层温度>表层温度>室温,pH(在6.4～7.3)总体表现为下降的趋势;TN含量有一定降低,TP含量呈上升趋势,TK含量变化不明显.结论]牛粪作为有机肥完全符合技术指标要求,而且发酵后,总养分和有机质均有一定程度的增加.

Trial of Anaerobic Fermentation Character of Cow Dung in Normal Temperature

【objective】It aims to find out the change regulation of anaerobic fermentation in lower temperature,and to get scientific data for increasing the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation.【Method】The SJF-10 solid fermenting cellar was filled one fourth with the cow dung collected from the Xiyuchun dairy farm.It was fermented in anaerobic condition for 39 days.The physical and chemical characters were tested before and after treatment.【Result】It begined to produce gas in the 7 th day of anaerobic fermentation,and stopped to produce till the 31st day,with the total output of 3 893 mL.The highest daily product is 730 mL at the 26 th day.The production of gas was affected mainly by temperature and pH value.The temperature in the center of the reactor is higher than that of the surface,and that of the room temperature.pH value is 6.4-7.3.The contents of TN decreased properly,the contents of TP increased,whereas the content of TK had no change.【Conclusion】The cow dung meets the technical index of organic fertilizer absolutely.After fermenting,its entire nutrients and organism will increase properly.