棉长管蚜危害对棉花生理生化及其相关防御酶的影响

【目的】 研究棉长管蚜危害对苗期棉花生理生化及其防御酶的影响。【方法】 设置初始密度为5、10和15头/株,接在棉苗第2片真叶上,分别危害1、2、3 d,待危害结束后,取棉苗真叶,依次测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)。【结果】 棉花叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量与棉长管蚜危害密度有较大关系,且均随着棉长管蚜危害时间的延长而增加,其中10和15头/株棉长管蚜危害3 d后棉花叶片中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均显著高于其他处理组棉花。棉花叶片中叶绿素含量与棉长管蚜的取食没有显著的相关性,10和15头/株棉长管蚜危害3 d后的棉花叶片中类胡萝卜素含量显著高于对照组棉花。棉长管蚜危害1和2 d时,棉花叶片中MDA含量随着棉长管蚜密度的增大而提高,在危害3 d后,10和15头/株棉长管蚜危害的棉花叶片中MDA含量差异不显著,且均显著高于对照组棉花。15头/株棉长管蚜危害1和2 d的棉花叶片中CAT活性均显著高于其他处理组棉花,而取食3 d后的棉花叶片中CAT活性与5和10头/株棉长管蚜危害的棉花差异不显著,但均高于对照组棉花。10和15头/株棉长管蚜危害2和3 d的棉花叶片中POD和SOD活性均显著高于对照组和5头/株棉长管蚜危害的棉花,同时5头/株棉长管蚜危害3 d时棉花叶片中SOD活性显著高于对照组棉花。【结论】 棉长管蚜的取食可以改变棉花体内与营养代谢和细胞渗透压调节相关物质的改变,并诱导其相关防御酶活性升高。

Effects of Acyrthosiphon gossypii on Physiology,Biochemistry and Related Defense Enzymes of Cotton

【Objective】 To clarify the effects of Acyrthosiphon gossypii on cotton physiological and biochemical and defense enzymes at seedling stage.【Methods】 The initial density was set to 5 heads per plant, 10 heads per plant, and 15 heads per plant. They were connected to the second real leaf of cotton seedlings harmed 1 day, 2 days, and 3 days later, respectively. When the damage was over, the true leaves of cotton seedling were taken to determine soluble sugar, soluble protein, chlorophyll and carotenoids, malondialdehyde(MDA), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).【Results】 The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein in cotton leaves was related to the damage density of Acy. gossypii, and both increased with the increase of the damage time of Acy. Gossypii. The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein in cotton leaves after 3 days of feeding were significantly higher than those in other treatment groups. The content of chlorophyll in cotton leaves was not significantly related to the feeding of Acy. gossypii, and the carotenoid content in cotton leaves after 3 days of feeding of 10 heads per plant and 15 heads per plant was significantly higher than that of control cotton. When Acy. gossypii were damaged for 1 day and 2 days, the content of MDA in cotton leaves increased with the density of Acy. gossypii. After 3 days of harm, there was no significant difference in MDA content in the leaves of cotton fed by 10 heads per plant and 15 head/plant of Acy. gossypii, and both were significantly higher than those in the control group. The activity of CAT in leaves of 15 heads per plant fed for 1 day and 2 days was significantly higher than those in other treatment groups. After 3 days of feeding, the CAT activity in cotton leaves was not significantly different from that of cotton fed by 5 heads per plants and 10 heads per plant of cotton aphids, but both were higher than those of the control group. POD and SOD activities in cotton leaves fed by 10 heads per plant and 15 heads per plant of Acy. gossypii on 2 days and 3 days were significantly higher than those of the control group and 5 heads per plant of Acy. gossypii. At the same time, the activity of SOD in cotton leaves was significantly higher than that of control cotton when 5 heads per plant of Acy. gossypii were fed for 3 days.【Conclusion】 】Feeding of Acy. gossypii can change cotton nutrient metabolism and cell osmotic pressure regulation related substances, and induce the increase of related defense enzyme activities.