新疆小麦籽粒过氧化物酶(POD)活性检测及其基因等位变异检测

【目的】 研究新疆小麦品种(系)过氧化物酶活性高低并分析相关基因变异类型和分布,为新疆小麦育种和品质的遗传改良奠定基础。【方法】 分别利用TaPod-A1和TaPod-D1基因位点的显性互补功能标记TaPod-3A1/TaPod-3A2和TaPod-7D1/TaPod-7D6对113份新疆小麦品种(系)进行分子标记检测,结合新疆小麦材料POD活性的测定结果,分析POD活性相关基因不同等位变异对小麦籽粒POD活性的影响,验证TaPod-A1和TaPod-D1基因位点功能标记有效性的同时,对新疆小麦材料POD相关基因的等位变异分布频率进行分析。【结果】 新疆小麦品种(系)中,在TaPod-A1位点,具有TaPod-A1b基因型的小麦品种(系)POD活性(2 595.3 U/(g·min))极显著(P<0.01)高于具有TaPod-A1a基因型的材料(2 346.0 U/(g·min)),2种基因型的分布频率分别为36.3%和63.7%;在TaPod-D1位点,具有TaPod-D1b基因型的小麦品种(系)POD活性(2 503.9 U/(g·min))显著(P<0.05)高于具有TaPod-D1a基因型的材料(2 376.9 U/(g·min)),2种基因型的分布频率分别为46.9%和53.1%。在113份新疆小麦材料中,共检测到TaPod-A1a/TaPod-D1a、TaPod-A1a/TaPod-D1b、TaPod-A1b/TaPod-D1a和TaPod-A1b/TaPod-D1b 4种变异组合类型,在新疆小麦中的分布频率分别为31.9%、31.9%、21.2%和15.0%。TaPod-A1b/TaPod-D1b(2 706.2 U/(g·min))类型的POD活性显著(P<0.05)高于TaPod-A1a/TaPod-D1a(2 283.6 U/(g·min))。【结论】 新疆小麦品种(系)以TaPod-A1a(低POD活性)和TaPod-D1a(低POD活性)等位变异类型为主;TaPod-A1和TaPod-D1的功能标记均能较好的区分小麦籽粒POD活性的高低,将2个位点特异性标记结合起来使用,有效地筛选出高POD活性的材料,提高新疆小麦品种(系)优异等位变异的频率,促进新疆小麦品质的遗传改良。

Detection of Peroxidase Activity in Xinjiang Wheat Cultivars and Allelic Detection of Related Genes

【Objective】 Peroxidase (POD, Peroxidase) activity in wheat grains has an important effect on wheat processing quality and flour color. To understand the peroxidase activity of Xinjiang wheat varieties (lines) and determine the variation types and distribution of related genes, so as to lay a foundation for wheat quality inheritance and improvement in Xinjiang. 【Method】 In this study, 113 Xinjiang wheat cultivars were genotyped by TaPod-3A1/TaPod-3A2 and TaPod-7D1/TaPod-7D6, combined with the results of measuring the POD activity of Xinjiang wheat cultivars the effects of different allelic variation of POD activity-related genes on POD activity of wheat cultivars the validity of the functional markers of TaPod-A1 and TaPod-D1 genes and the frequency of allelic variation of POD related genes in Xinjiang wheat cultivars. 【Result】 In Xinjiang wheat cultivars, the POD activity of TaPod-A1b(2,595.3 U/(g·min)) was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of TaPod-A1a (2,346.0 U/(g·min)) at TaPod-A1 loci and the distribution frequencies of the two genotypes were 36.3% and 63.7%; the POD activity of TaPod-D1b(2,503.9 U/(g·min)) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than TaPod-D1a genotype(2,376.9 U/(g·min)) at TaPod-D1 loci and the distribution frequencies of the two genotypes were 46.9% and 53.1%. 【Conclusion】 According to the results of this, TaPod-A1a (low POD activity) and TaPod-D1a (low POD activity) the main allelic types; markers of TaPod-A1 and TaPod-D1 can distinguish the POD activity of wheat seeds well. The combination of two site-specific markers can screen out materials with high POD activity more it can more effectively screen materials with high POD activity, increase the frequency of excellent allelic variation of Xinjiang wheat varieties (lines), and promote genetic improvement of Xinjiang wheat quality.