部分新疆小麦材料多酚氧化酶活性基因分布规律研究

【目的】了解新疆小麦材料多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性基因的等位变异组成和分布以及与PPO活性的关系,为小麦PPO活性的分子标记辅助选择奠定基础。【方法】利用PPO基因的功能标记PPO18、PPO29和PPO16对445份新疆冬春小麦材料进行2A和2D染色体上PPO等位基因Ppo-A1a、Ppo-A1b、Ppo-D1a和Ppo-D1b的检测,分析不同等位变异与PPO活性的相关性及变化趋势。【结果】PPO18在等位基因Ppo-A1a(高PPO)和Ppo-A1b(低PPO)中的分布频率为73.03%和26.97%,PPO16和PPO29在等位基因Ppo-D1a(低PPO)和Ppo-D1b(高PPO)中的分布频率76.63%和23.37%。Ppo-A1a与Ppo-A1b基因型的PPO活性平均值差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。而Ppo-D1a与Ppo-D1b两者基因型的平均PPO活性差异不显著(P0.05);两个PPO基因的等位基因组合类型分布频率为:Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1a(54.38%)、Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b(18.65%)、Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1a(22.25%)和Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1b(4.72%);同时冬春小麦材料间PPO活性基因分布存在明显差异,总体来看,新疆小麦材料中高PPO活性的等位变异类型所占比例较高。【结论】PPO18、PPO16和PPO29标记可以作为小麦材料PPO活性鉴定有效工具。可直接利用此标记进行标记辅助选择。

Molecular Identification and Distribution of the Polyphenol Oxidase Genes in Xinjiang Wheat Cultivars

【Objective】This project aims to understand the activity gene alleles composition and distribution of PPO genes in Xinjiang wheat and at the same to understand the correlation between PPO activity and the alleles composition about PPO activity gene,thus laying the foundation for the marker-assisted selection in wheat PPO activity.【Method】At first the study used the functional maker genes PPO 18,PPO 29 and PPO 16 to test the allele Ppo-A1a,Ppo-A1b and Ppo-D1a in chromosomes 2A and 2D about 445 cultivars of spring and winter wheat and analyzed the different allele correlated to PPO activity.【Result】 The frequency distribution of PPO 18 in its allele Ppo-A1a(high PPO) and Ppo-A1b(low PPO) are respectively 73.03% and 26.97%.At the same time,the frequency distribution of PPO 16 and PPO 29 in its allele Ppo-D1a(low PPO) and Ppo-D1b(high PPO) are respectively 76.63% and 23.37%.This means that the difference about PPO activity in Ppo-A1a and Ppo-A1b is significant(P<0.01).But the difference about PPO’s mean activity between Ppo-D1a and Ppo-D1b is not significant(P>0.05).The frequency distribution of Ppo-A1a / Ppo-D1a,Ppo-A1a / Ppo-D1b,Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1a,Ppo-A1b / Ppo-D1b are 54.38%,18.65%,22.25%,4.72%,respectively.At the same time,the frequency distribution in winter and spring wheat is also different.Overall,the high PPO activity is relatively high in Xinjiang wheat.【Conclusion】PPO 18,PPO 16 and PPO 29 can be used as a tool of identifying the PPO activity of wheat.So we can use them for marker-assisted selection.