番茄渣发酵饲料对新疆褐牛生产性能、乳成分及血细胞参数的影响

【目的】研究日粮中添加番茄渣发酵饲料对新疆褐牛生产性能、乳成分、血细胞参数及经济效益的影响。【方法】选泌乳日龄(86±29)d,体重(467±28)kg的2～3胎、健康、泌乳量相近的新疆褐牛20头分为2组,饲喂常规日粮(对照)和用14%番茄渣发酵饲料(CP≥26%,DM;主成分番茄渣,添加碳氮源后接种有益微生物)替代对照组日粮6%棉粕、4.5%麸皮和3.5%玉米青贮(DM)。【结果】与对照组相比,新疆褐牛添喂番茄渣发酵饲料显著提高DM采食量、4%校正乳产量(P<0.05),分别提高5.12%、5.83%。番茄渣发酵饲料组的乳产量、饲料转化率、乳脂率、乳蛋白、乳糖、总固体固形物在数值上高于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05),分别提高4.07%、0.62%、2.65%、2.83%、1.62%和1.48%;番茄渣发酵饲料组乳中体细胞数低于对照组(P=0.15)。添喂番茄渣发酵饲料有提高外周血红细胞数的趋势(P=0.07)。添喂番茄渣发酵饲料比对照组每日每头增收效益1.79元,增幅9.68%;每头牛每月(按30 d计)可多收入53.7元。【结论】添喂14%的番茄渣发酵饲料可提高新疆褐牛的DM采食量、4%校正乳产量及经济效益。

Effects of Tomato Pomace Fermentation Feed on Growth Performance,Milk Composition and Blood Cell Parameters for Xinjiang Brown Cows

【Objective】Twenty Xinjiang Brown cows were allocated to two treatment groups with 40-d periods to determine whether supplementation of tomato pomace fermentation feed(CP ≥ 26%,DM) would influence milk yield,composition and blood cell parameter.【Method】Treatment diets were: 1) control;2) 6% cotton seed meal,4.5% wheat bran,3.5% corn silage(DM) of the control diet replaced with 14% tomato pomace fermentation feed(DM).【Result】Tomato pomace fermentation feed increased dry matter intake(DMI),4% fat-corrected milk yield(P<0.05),and tended to increase the number of red blood cell(P=0.07).DMI,4% fat-corrected milk yield was increased 5.12%,5.83%,respectively.The average milk yield,feed conversion rate,milk fat,protein,total solide were not affected,and they were increased by 4.07%,0.62%,2.65%,2.83%,1.62% and 1.48%,respectively.Tomato pomace fermentation feed supplementation decreased SCC(P=0.15).Compared with the control,supplementation of tomato pomace fermentation feed could increase net income of $1.79/cow/d and $3.7/cow/m.【Conclusion】This study indicated that it is advantageous to feed tomato pomace fermentation feed at 14% of dry matter,and tomato pomace fermentation feed supplementation could increase DMI,4% fat-corrected milk and economic income.