新疆棉花播期对棉纤维糖类物质及超分子结构的影响

【目的】在新疆气候生态条件下,研究不同播期对棉纤维发育过程中纤维素累积和纤维超分子结构的影响,探讨纤维累积特征、超分子结构变化与纤维强度形成的关系,揭示棉花生育后期低温对棉纤维强度形成的影响。【方法】选用新陆早13号和新陆早33号为材料,采用分期播种的方法,形成棉铃发育的不同温度条件,研究棉纤维素发育过程中纤维素累积特性和纤维超分子结构的变化,分析纤维强度形成与超分子结构变化的关系。【结果】在新疆棉花生产正常播期处理条件下,棉纤维的发育处于较适宜的温度条件,纤维发育过程中纤维素积累速率平缓且经历时期长;在晚播条件下,棉纤维发育后期受到低温的影响,纤维素的快速积累起始时期推迟,纤维快速积累时期缩短,纤维素的理论最大含量下降,晚播处理棉纤维的取向分散角和取向分布角的角度大于正常播期处理,纤维强度下降。【结论】在棉纤维发育过程中,棉纤维发育期后期的低温不仅影响了纤维素的积累特性,导致纤维的超分子结构3个参数大于正常播期处理,不利于高强纤维的形成。

Effect of Different Sowing Dates on Transformation of Carbohydrate and Super-molecular Structure in Fiber During Cotton Development in Xinjiang

【Objective】Effects of different sowing dates on cellulose deposition,fiber super-molecular structure and their relationship to fiber strength were studied in this paper to explore the impact of low temperature on cotton fiber strength in late growth stage of cotton.【Method】In this paper,Xinluzao13 and Xinluzao33 were taken as test materials,by setting different cotton seeding dates,changes of characteristic values of cellulose content and fiber super-molecular structure and their relationship to fiber strength were studied.【Result】Results showed that,under the normal sowing date conditions,cotton fiber development in a more favorable temperature conditions,sucrose converted completely and cellulose accumulated sustainably and steadily,and under the late sowing date conditions,low temperature mainly delayed the initial time of rapid accumulation of cellulose synthesis,reduced the cellulose speedy accumulation period,the content of cellulose decreased and fiber strength was affected by orientational separate angle and distribution angle.【Conclusion】Lower temperature changed the cellulose accumulation characteristic and fiber super-molecular structure,resulting in lower cellulose content and broader structural parameters,leading to strike decrease of fiber strength.