不同生态区杂交棉皮棉产量与多个性状关系的研究

目的]研究不同生态区杂交棉在南疆地区皮棉产量与多个性状的关系,为新疆南疆地区棉花引种、育种和大田生产提供理论和生产实践参考.方法]以来自不同生态区12个杂交棉品种(系)为材料,分别研究皮棉产量与单株铃数、单铃重、衣分、亩株数(667 m2株数,下同)、籽指、衣指、绒长、纤维伸长率、整齐度指数、马克隆值和断裂比强度之间相关性和通径分析.结果]皮棉产量与衣分,单株铃数和单铃重达显著正相关；对皮棉产量贡献较大的因子依次是单铃重＞亩株数(667 m2株数,下同)＞单株铃数＞衣分；12份材料,综合表现较好的为湘江棉5号、鲁棉研40号和湘江棉3号.结论]栽培上杂交棉种植应注意控制合理密度；育种上宜主要从提高衣分、单株铃数和单铃重三方面来提高皮棉产量,同时对品质性状也不能忽视；引种时要注意选择皮棉产量较高,同时纤维品质较好的品种用于当地推广.

Study on Relations of Hybrid Cotton' s Lint Yield of Different Ecological Regions with Several Yields and Quality Characters

【Objective】 The purpose of this project aimed to provide a theoretical and practical reference to cotton breeders and cotton introduction in Southern Xinjiang by systematically and comprehensively studying the relations of hybrid cotton’s lint yield in different ecological regions with other 11 characters.【Method】12 hybrid cotton cultivars(lines) from different ecological regions were taken as test materials,and the correlation and path analysis of lint yield with 11 characters were studied respectively.The 11 characters were boll per plant,boll weight,and lint,plant number per 667 m2,seed index,lint index,fuzz length,length uniformity,micronaire,elongation and specific strength.【Result】The correlations of lint yield with lint,boll per plant and boll weight were significantly positively correlated.The factors contributing to lint yield in turns were: boll weight>plant number per 667 m2>boll per plant>lint.The 3 performed well cultivars among the 12 were Xiangjiangmian 5,Lumianyan 40 and Xiangjiangmian 3.【Conclusion】 For production and cultivation,the density of hybrid cotton should be controlled at a reasonable level.For increasing lint yield,cotton breeders in Southern Xinjiang should mainly take lint,boll per plant and boll weight into consideration,and at the same time,quality character should be given due attention to.Introduction workers should chose foreign cultivars with high yield and good quality as local varieties for extension in the region.