新疆野生樱桃李的生态—生物学研究Ⅰ.生态因子与植物学、物候学特性分析

对生长在新疆霍城县大、小西沟野生樱桃李群落,从分布区的自然地理条件、生境的土壤剖面记录及理化性质、植被、气象因子等方面进行了观测与统计,并结合其植物学、物候学特性等较详细的观察记载,分析了大、小西沟18年前后的气候状况与野生樱桃李的物候学特征的关系;并阐述了野生樱桃李在大、小西沟内的分布特征、繁衍和更新特点及其与生态条件的关系。与10多年前相比,发现野果林分布下限上移、野樱桃李面积缩小、开花提前了8~15 d、分布区植被破坏严重。从诸多方面证明了野生樱桃李这个野生果树资源的濒危程度。并讨论了大、小西沟野果林生态系统受损现状和野生樱桃李濒危的原因。提出建立自然保护区就地保护这个珍贵物种的建议。

Study on Ecology-biology of Wild Cherry Plum(Prunus divaricata)in Xinjiang Ⅰ.The Analysis on Ecology Factors with Charaters of Botanic,Phynology,Distribution

The studies was made on wild cherry Plum(Prunus divaricata)community of DaXiaoxiGou in the Huocheng county of Xinjiang,including the natural geography condition,the minuters of the soil profile and Its' physic-chemical characteristics,vegetation,the climate factors in distributed area and so on,it's charaters of botanic,phonological,distribution were also observed and recorded in detail.Analysed the connections on the climate situation with the phynology characteristics on DaXiao XiGou in the Huocheng County around the 18 year.And the relations was made expound the distribution characteristic,distinguishing of multiply and renewal of the wild cherry plum(Prunus divaricata)on DaXiao XiGou in HuoCheng,and the conections of its with ecology conditions.As compared with in front 18 year,we discovered that the distribution lower limit was moved up,the area of wild fruit tree was reduce,bloom move up 8～15 d was discovered.From a lot of respect,the ratenss level of wild cherry plum that the fruit trees resources was proved.The reason for the state of disrupted its ecology system and its rareness degree were discussed.It was suggested that build up the netural protect area in its exist area.